CLASS AVES. 



113 



CLASSIFICATION OF BIEDS. 



^ 





M- 



o <0 



O 0) 



Sm 



not elevated 



above the 



base of tlie 



anterior 



toes; the 



entire 



toe 

 insistent, 

 rarely 

 obsolete. 

 Coverts of 

 secondaries 

 of first series 



NOT EXCEEDING HALF THE LENGTH OF THE 

 SECONDARE ftUILLS. ClAW OF THE POS- 

 TERIOR TOE NOT SUALLER THAN THE 

 CLAW OF THE ANTERIOR UIDDLE ONE. 



1. Passeres. 

 Thrush, etc. 



EXCEEDING 

 HALF THE 

 LENGTH OF 

 SECOND- 

 ART 

 ftDILLS. 

 TOBS 



two anterior and two pos- 

 terior, or three anterior [ 2. PiCARiiB. 

 and one posterior, with the [ Woodpecker, etc 

 outer anterior versatile. 



two anterior and two pos 

 terior, outer not versatile. 



:} 



three 



anterior 



and one 



posterior. 



Bill 



covered with a 



cere at the hose 



and with the 



point of tJie 



upper mandihle 



hoolced. 



without cere or 

 hook. Generally 

 naked at base, 

 or with large, 

 swollen skin 

 ahove nostrils. , 



elevated 



above base 



of anterior 



toes, 



Inferior 



. part of crus 



= f lamellate 



POSTERIOR TOE 

 ABSENT. 



RARELT 



NAKED ; 

 POSTERIOR 



TOE 

 SOMETIMES 

 WANTING. 



Sternum 



without crest 



with 

 crest. 

 Bill 



long, and ' 



itsually flexible ' 



and sensitive. \ 



long, stout, and 



inflexible. ' 



short usitaUy. \ 



n 



without 

 lamellae. 

 Hinder toe 



CONNECTED BY MEMBRANE WITH INNER 

 TOE AKD NEARLT LEVEL WITH OTHERS. 



3. PSITTACI. 



Parrot, etc. 



4. Raptores. 

 Falcon, etc. 



5. CoLiruB.d:. 

 Dove, etc. 



6. GALLIN.S. 



Turkey, etc. 



7. Brevifennes. 

 Ostrich, etc. 



8. LiMICOLA. 



Plover, etc. 



9. Herodiones. 

 Heron, etc. 



10. Alectorides. 



Bail, etc. 



11. IiAMBLLIHOS- 

 TRES. Duck, etc, 



12. Stkganopo- 

 DES. pelican, etc. 



13. LONGIFENNES. 



Gull, etc. 



