ORNAMENTAL FRUITED TREES AND SHRUBS 83 



that beautiful group known as Viburnum and also the 

 Snowberries (Symphoricarpos) and Elderberries 

 (Sambucus). This family is closely followed and per- 

 haps equalled by that of the Rose which includes trees 

 as well as shrubs. The more important members are 

 the Hawthorns (Crataegus), the Crabapples (Malus), 

 the Rowan (Sorbus), Plums and Cherries (Prunus), 

 Blackberries and Raspberries (Rubus), Cotoneaster, 

 and the Rose itself. In these two families black and 

 white and all the cardinal colors except green occur. 

 Next in order may be placed the Dogwood family and 

 the single genus Cornus has black, white, red, and 

 blue fruits on its different species. The Gooseberry 

 and Currants (Ribes) have not only black, white, red, 

 yellow, purple, and wine-colored but also green or 

 greenish fruits. The only other hardy shrub I can 

 think of with greenish-colored fruit is the native 

 Leatherwood {Dirca palustris). Perhaps the most 

 popular family of berried plants is that of the Holly 

 (Ilex) which has red, black, and yellow fruits. Then 

 there are the Barberries with red, black, and purple 

 fruits; the Spindle-tree (Evonymus) and Waxwork 

 (Celastrus), which belong to the same family, have 

 white, pink, red, and orange-colored fruits which open 

 and display the seeds with their orange or scarlet 

 covering. The Ivy and Rhamnus families mostly 



