COMMERCIAL FISHERIES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 



739 



In olden times a calabash with shells inclosed took the place now occupied by the 

 bell. A block and fall is also attached to the pole close to the top, and a long line, 

 with a hook at the end, is run through the block and allowed to float out to sea, the 

 land end being tied in a slipknot to the bottom of the pole and the surplus coiled at 

 the foot. A small dead tish is used as bait. In order to attract the fish, puhi are 

 mashed up with sand and thrown into the ocean. As soon as a fish is hooked his 

 struggles cause the bell to ring, thus warning the fisherman, who at once runs to the 

 pole and, loosening the slipknot, begins to play the fish. As the fish is too large and 

 strong to haul in alive, it must be plaj'ed until 

 drowned. 



In hand-line fishing from canoes in deep water, 

 a line of about finch cord, with a lava stone 

 weighing several pounds as a sinker, is used l>y 

 the natives. A little above the sinker, and for a 

 distance of about 6 feet, there run out from the 

 line little bamboo canes about a foot in length, in 

 a horizontal position, and from the outer ends of 

 these canes dangles a short piece of line, with a 

 hook at the end. The bait is put over the point of 

 the hook and the upper portion of it tied to the 

 shank by means of two small threads hanging 

 from the line and tied just above the hook. This 

 line is used in water as deep as 2(>(t fathoms. As 

 soon as the sinker reaches the bottom the native, 

 ))y a peculiar jerk, disengages the stone and draws 

 the line about a fathom from the bottom, where it 

 is allowed to remain until a certain number of 

 bites have been felt, when it is drawn to the sur- 

 face, the fish removed, the hooks rebaited, a new 

 sinker put on, and the line run overboard again. 

 Ulaula is the principal species captured thus. ; 



In deep-sea fishing the Japanese generally use 

 but one hook on a line, attached to the end of it. i 



In fishing for mahimahi (dolphin) the Japa- 

 nese use a rope about 2,000 feet in length. At 

 intervals of 60 feet are attached branch lines al)out 

 60 feet in length, with a hook on each. Akule are used as bait. The line is paid 

 out from the boat, the main line being kept on the surface by buoys made from 

 the cotton tree, while the branch lines hang downward. The line is set in the 

 morning and taken up at noon, the fishermen lying off in their boats in the mean- 

 while. This fishing is carried on about 10 miles offshore. 



A line used principally for catching kole has at the end a piece of lead, at each 

 end of which is attached a short line with a hook. The gall of the hee, prepared 

 in one of the numerous ways given under the section headed " Bait," is used for bait. 

 This manner of fishing is called by the natives "okilo hee." 



Fig. 235.— Deep-sea fishing line. 



