72 PIOTOniAL PBAGTWAL FRUIT OMOWINO. 



Scale. — There are several forms, all dangerous. Limewashing the trunks 

 of trees (No. 2, page 78) is a good and inexpensive plan. As destroyers, try 

 (1) dabbing with a small brush dipped in methylated spirit, (2) syringing 

 in winter with water heated up to 160° to 180^, (3) " soaparite," No. 1, page 



78. With respect to (1), the plan is only suitable to small infestations and 

 careful workers. 



Thrips.^A particularly lively and troublesome enemy, attacking a 

 great many different crops. A splendid remedy will be found in No. 6, page 



79. In this and every other case attack the pest before it has assumed over- 

 whelming proportions. 



In the following list of the principal pests attacking the different fruits 

 no pretence is made to give an elaborate essay on each, but concise hints are 

 gi\en embodying preventives and remedies. 



APPLE ENEMIES. 



Th.e Blossom Weevil (AntJionomtts Pomoruin). — The weevil bores a 

 hole in a closed bud and lays an egg ; the maggot feeds on the bud and 

 turns to a chrysalis there. (1) Open out the trees and encourage the 

 rapid opening of the buds. (2) Remove and burn all loose strips of bark in 

 winter, then limewash. (3) The "sticky bands referred to under Winter 

 Moth will probably stop some of the female moths. (4) Spray or syringe 

 when the trees are in bud with No. 3, page 78. 



The Sawfiy {Tenthredo testudinea). — The caterpillar resulting from 

 this fly is light brown, having three pairs of claw and seven of sucker 

 feet, J inch long. Eggs are laid in the blossoms in May, and holes eaten in 

 the fruit by the caterpillars, whicli emerge and enter the ground when the 

 fruit falls. (1) Spread lime on the surface soil, and lightly fork it in. (2) 

 Destroy all worthless fallen fruit. (3) Apply the Paris Green spray No. 3, 

 page 78, before the fruit turns down in spring. 



The Winter Moth {ClieimatoMa'brimiata). — Eggs are laid on the 

 stems, about the spurs, and at the points of the young shoots. Cater- 

 pillars hatch with the mild weather of spring, and feed on the break- 

 ing buds. (1) The application of sticky bands is becoming unpopular, 

 yet it has something to recommend it. In one small orchard I counted, 

 one mid-Decemher day, thirty of the greyish spidery female moths captive, 

 and there were plenty more left when I got tired of counting. The 

 following rules should be observed : To get paper that is greaseproof ; to 

 use fairly deep bands, say 9 to 12 inches ; to tie with two strings, one at the 

 top and one at the bottom ; and to, prepare a grease that, on the one hand, 

 does not run, and, on the other, does not dry quickly and set. I have had 

 successful results from sheets of butter paper purchased for a copper or two 

 at the grocer's, and dressed with cart grease partially liquefied with palm 

 oil. All these articles are easy to f et and very cheap. Do not let the 

 middle of November pass before the bands are put on. (2) The Paris Green 

 solution, No. 3, page 78, may be sprayed on in spring. Take care to mix the 

 stuff thorougiily, and to put it on in a fine, dew-like shower. (3) Pruning 

 after Christmas results in many eggs being destroyed, and where convenient 

 this cutting should be practised. In many cases labour considerations, I 

 am aware, prevent the practice, which, however, is good. 



Cccllin Moth {CaTpocapsa, pomonella.^ — Visits to many orchards (not, 

 alas, excepting my own) convince me that this is far the worst enemy 

 which hfis hfid tp he dejilt with during the past few years. I have seen 



