OBSERVATIONS ON FLOWER POLLINATION 



IN 



EUROPE AND THE ARCTIC REGIONS 

 ANGIOSPERMAE 



CLASS I. DICOTYLEDONES 



LVII. ORDER GOODENOVIEAE R. Br. 



Literature. — Fritz Miiller, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxvi, 1868, p. 115; Delpino, 

 'Ult. Oss.,' pp. 91-8; Hildebrand, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxviii, 1870, pp. 634-6; 

 Bentham, J. Linn. Soc, Bot., x, 1869, pp. 203-6. 



The style terminates in a collecting-cup which takes up the pollen as it passes 

 through the anther-cylinder. It is closed, except for a small opening usually covered 

 by hairs, and therefore able to curve down in the entrance of the generally horizontal 

 flower. Insect visitors strike against the hairs of the collecting-cup, thus causing 

 some pollen to fall upon them. Later on the stigma grows out of the cup and takes 

 up the position previously occupied by the pollen. 



505. Leschenaultia R. Br. 

 1687. L. tubiflora R. Br. — Darwin states that this species is self-sterile. 



LVIII. ORDER CAMPANULACEAE JUSS. 

 1. Tribe Lobelieae. 



506. Lobelia Plum. 



Literature. — Hildebrand, ' D. Geschlechts-Vert. b. d. Pfl.,' pp. 64-5. Flowers 

 actinomorphous, and twisted round so as to bring the bifid lip to the upper and the 

 trifid lip to the lower side ; corolla-tube split longitudinally. Markedly protandrous. 

 The pollen is dehisced into the anther-cylinder before the flower opens, and lies close 

 to the capitate stigma, which pushes it out as the style elongates. It is either removed 

 by insects or falls away. The few grains which adhere to the stigma are unable to 

 effect automatic self-pollination, as during further development the edge of the stigma 

 rolls back so as to keep them completely away from the receptive surface. Fertiliza- 

 tion cannot therefore take place except by transfer of pollen from a younger flower 

 to the stigma of an older one. (The above description is given by Hildebrand for 



