28 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



diverging processes stretching as far as the corolla. When the proboscis of a bee is 

 inserted into the bell it strikes against one of these processes, causing the dry powdery- 

 pollen to fall out of the opening of the corolla on to the visitor's head. Should 

 insect-visits fail, the pollen ultimately falls of its own accord on the edge of the 

 stigma, effecting automatic self-pollination. 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller saw the following bees in Westphalia. — 

 I. Andrena nigroaenea K. i (proboscis 3^ mm. long), vainly trying to suck; 

 2. Apis mellifica L. J, very freq., skg. ; 3. Bombus agrorum F. 5, freq., skg., 

 persistently visiting and holding on to the under-sides of the bells ; 4. B. lapidarius L. 



5, do., but not so freq. ; 5. B. scrimshiranus K. 5, do. ; 6. B. terrester L. 5, do. 



Alfken and Hoppner (H.) observed the following at Bremen. — 



A. Diptera. {a) Asilidae: i. Laphria flava L. S, skg. (H.). (3) Conopidae: 



2. Conops vesicularis L. 5 and 5, freq., skg. (H.); 3. Physocephala nigra Deg. %, skg. 

 (H.); 4. P. rufipes i^. (c) Syrphidae: 5.Erista!is alpinusPz. J, skg.(H.). (d) Muscidae: 



6. Sarcophaga carnaria Z. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 7. Andrena albicans ./I/a//. 

 5 (H.) ; 8. A. convexiuscula K.t>; 9. A. gwynana A'. 5 ; 10. A. lapponica Zett. 5 skg. 

 and po-cltg. S skg.; 11. A. nigroaenea K. (H.); 12. A. parvula K. 5; 13. A. varians 

 A'. 5 and S ; 14. Apis mellifica A. 5 ; 15. Bombus agrorum F. 5 and $ ; 16. B. der- 

 hamellus K. 5 and S ; 17. B. hortorum L. $ ; 18. B. jonellus K. 5 very common, skg. 

 and po-cltg. j ; 19. B. lapidarius A. 5 and 5 ; 20. B. muscorum A. 5 ; 2 1. B. pratorum 

 A. 5 and 5. skg. ; 22. B. proteus Gerst. 5 ; 23. B. terrester A. 5 and 5, skg. and po- 

 cltg. ; 24. Halictus calceatus Scop. 5; 25. H. flavipes F. } (H.); 26. Nomada bifida 

 Ths. 5; 27. N. borealis Zelt. 5 (H.), skg.; 28. N. lineola Pz. (H.), skg.; 29. N. 

 ruficornis A. (=N.flava A2. 5) ; 30. N. succincta Pz. 5 (H.), skg. ; 31. Osmia rufa A. ; 

 32. O. uncinata Gersi. i, skg. ; 33. Psithyrus campestris Fz. 5, skg. ; 34. P. vestahs 

 Fourcr. 5, skg. 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. — 

 Knuth (Sachsenwalde), the honey-bee, and 3 humble-bees — i. Bombus agrorum 

 A. 5 ; 2. B. lapidarius A. 5 ; 3. B. terrester A. j, freq., skg. Loew (Silesia) (' Beitrage,' 

 P- 54)) 3 bees — i. Bombus latreillellus K. S, skg.; 2. B. pratorum A. 5, skg.; 3. B. 

 variabilis Schmiedekn. 5, skg. Schmiedeknecht (Thuringia), 4 bees — i. Andrena 

 lapponica Zelt.\ 2. Bombus jonellus A'. 5; 3. B. mastrucatus Gers/. }; 4. Osmia 

 corticalis Gers/. Rossler (Wiesbaden), the Geometrid moth Halia brunneata Thunbg. 

 Friese in Alsace (A.), Baden (B.), and Thuringia (T.), 4 bees — i. Andrena lapponica 

 Zett. not infreq. (B.) ; 2. Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. 5 occasional (B.), 5 do. (A.); 



3. Osmia corticalis Gerst.i^}) ; 4. O.vulpecula Gersl.i^!). Frey-Gessner (Switzerland), 

 the bee Osmia nigriventris Zett. (=0. corticalis Gerst). Schletterer and von Dalla 

 Torre (Tyrol), and Hoffer (Steiermark), the humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. 

 Morawitz (St. Petersburg), the bee Andrena fucata Sm. McLeod (Flanders), the humble- 

 bee Bombus agrorum A. 5 (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, V, 1893, p. 448); (Pyrenees), 

 3 humble-bees (op. cit., iii, 1891, p. 374). Willis and Burkill (Central Wales), 

 2 humble-bees — Bombus agrorum F., freq., skg., and B. terrester A., do. (' Fls. and 

 Insects in Gt. Britain,' Part I). Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), 2 humble-bees (' Flora 

 of Dumfriesshire,' p. no). Schneider (Arctic Norway), 3 humble-bees — i. Bombus 

 lapponicus F.; 2. B. pratorum A.; 3. B. scrimshiranus K. (Tromso Mus. Aarsh., 

 1894). Lindmann (Dovrefjeld), a humble-bee. 



1752. V. uliginosum L. (Herm. Miiller, 'Fertilisation,' pp. 373-5, ' Weit. 

 Beob.,' Ill, p. 67, ' Alpenblumen,' p. 381 ; Knuth, 'Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' 

 pp. 100, 113; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, pp. 107, 526; Loew, 

 ' Bliitenbiol. Floristik,' p. 399.) — Hermann Miiller says that the flower mechanism of 

 this species agrees with that of the last, except as regards the following points. — 



