86 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



1855. J. Sambae Ait. — This species is especially fragrant after sunset. 



1856. J. noctiflorum Afzel. — 



Visitors. — These appear to be nocturnal Lepidoptera. 



559. Nyctanthes L. 



1857. N. Arbor-tristis L. — This species bears large fragrant flowers with 

 long corolla-tubes, and most of them are shed at sunrise. 



Visitors. — These appear to be nocturnal Lepidoptera. 



560. Monodora Dun. 



1858. M. longifiora Eng., and 1859. M. pubens A. Gray. — The large 

 fragrant flowers of these species are of a bright-yellow colour and possess long 

 corolla-tubes. They open in the evening. 



Visitors. — These are apparently nocturnal Lepidoptera. 



561. Schrebera Roxb. 



The flowers are particularly fragrant in the evening. 



Visitors. — Judging from the above these would appear to be nocturnal Lepi- 

 doptera. 



LXVL ORDER APOCVNACEAE R.BR. 



Literature. — K. Schumann, ' Apocynaceae,' in Engler and Prantl's ' D. nat. 

 Pflanzenfam.', IV, 2, pp. 11 5-1 7. 



562. Vinca L. 



Flowers herkogamous, with concealed nectar secreted at the base of the ovary. 



i860. V. minor L. (Sprengel, ' Entd. Geh.,' pp. 135-7; Herm. Miiller, 

 ' Fertilisation,' pp. 394-6, ' Weit. Beob.,' Ill, p. 62 ; MacLeod, Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, 

 Ghent, v, 1893, pp. 384-5 ; Kirchner, ' Flora v. Stuttgart,' p. 544 ; Baillon, Bull. soc. 

 linn., Paris, i, 1882, pp. 323-5; Darwin, Gard. Chron., London, 1861, pp. 552, 

 831; Crocker, Bull. R. Bot. Gard, Kew, 1861, Gard. Chron., London, 1861, 

 p. 669; F. A. P., op. cit., p. 736 ; Delpino, ' Sugli appar. d. fecondaz. nelle piante 

 autocarp.,' pp. 15-17 ; Hildebrand, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xxv, 1867, p. 274 ; Humphrey, 

 Bot. Gaz., Chicago (III), x, 1885, p. 296.) — The flower mechanism of this species 

 was long since described by Sprengel, but he supposed it to be adapted for self- 

 pollination. Darwin and Delpino have both given correct independent accounts 

 of it. — Nectar is secreted by two yellow glands near the ovary, and stored up in the 

 corolla-tube (11 mm. long), the entrance of which is lined by hairs serving as a pro- 

 tection against rain. About the middle of this tube the style thickens conically and 

 terminates in a short cylindrical horizontal plate, the edge of which functions as 

 a stigma and is covered with a sticky secretion. The plate bears a tuft of hairs, 

 which takes up the pollen as it is shed from the anthers. The filaments spring from 

 the middle of the corolla-tube, are bent in a knee-like fashion, and beset with hairs 

 internally. The anthers are situated immediately above the stigmatic disk, and 



