ii8 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



purple flowers of this species is 3 mm. long and about the same breadth, but the 

 access to the nectar is narrowed to i mm. by five pocket-shaped hollow scales in its 

 entrance. The darker colour of these enables them to serve as nectar-guides, and 

 their velvety covering of hairs as nectar-covers. The style projects in the middle of 

 the flower to a height of 2 mm., and the five simultaneously maturing anthers project 

 beyond it. As these dehisce introrsely automatic self-pollination necessarily takes 

 place by the fall of pollen, should insect-visits fail. If the proboscis of an insect is 

 inserted into the nectar-secreting base of the flower it touches pollen and stigma with 

 opposite sides, so that cross-pollination is favoured. 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller observed the following in Thuringia. — 



A. Hymenoptera. Apidae: i. Andrena nigroaenea K. 5, skg., remaining 

 a very long time (over \ min.) on the flowers ; 2. Apis mellifica L. 5, freq., skg. ; 

 3. Halictus tetrazonius Klg. 5, in large numbers, skg. B. Lepidoptera. Rhopalo- 

 ctra : 4. Lycaena aegon i'. V. i, skg. C. Thysanoptera. 5. Thrips, very 

 common. 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. — 



Knuth (Kiel), the honey-bee and the humble-bee Bombus terrester Z., both skg. 

 Loew (North Germany), a bee (Osmia sp.). Gerstacker (Berlin), the bee Osmia 

 adunca Lir. 



1958. C. pictum Ait. — Kerner describes this species as feebly protogynous. 



1959. C. Columnae Bivona. — 



Visitors. — Loew observed the honey-bee and the humble-bee Bombus pratorum 

 £., both skg., in the Berlin Botanic Garden. 



599. Omphalodes Tourn. 



As Cynoglossum. 



i960. O. verna Moench (= Cynoglossum Omphalodes Z.). (Herm. Miiller, 

 ' Fertilisation,' pp. 416-17.) — The flower mechanism of this species agrees essentially 

 with that of Echinosp6rmum. The tube of the corolla is 3 mm. long, while its limb 

 expands into a blue surface 15-18 mm. in diameter. During insect-visits crossing is 

 favoured, but should they fail automatic self-pollination is inevitable. 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller observed 2 bees — Bombus terrester Z. 5, and Osmia 

 rufa Z. 5, both skg. 



600. Eritrichium Schrad. 



1961. E. villosum Bunge — This species bears fragrant flowers. 

 Visitors. — Ekstam observed flies in Nova Zemlia. 



1962. E. aretioides A. DC. (= Myosotis aretioides Chavi.). — This species 

 was discovered by Chamisso in Tschukschenland and Kamchatka. 



601. Rindera Pall. 



1963. R. tetraspis Pall. — 



Visitors. — Friese {lesk Becker) observed two po-cltg. bees (Eucera albofasciata 

 Friese, and E. velutina Mor.) at Sarepta. 



