126 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



of S. officinale, but with longer prickles on the triangular scales, according to 

 a description given by Loew of plants cultivated in the Berlin Botanic Garden. 



1976. S. tuberosum L. — 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



Ducke (Trieste and Austrian Silesia) and Friese (Fiume and Hungary), as 

 a typical visitor the bee Andrena symphyti Per. 5 skg. and po-cltg., S skg. Loew 

 (Berlin Botanic Garden), 4 bees (Ber. D. bot. Ges., Berlin, iv, 1886, p. 160) — i. 

 Anthophcra pilipes F., steadily skg.; 2. Apis mellifica Z. 5, po-cltg.; 3. Bombus 

 hortorum L. 5, skg.; 4. B. lapidarius L. 5, skg. (.?). 



1977. S. grandiflorum DC. — 



Visitors. — Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden) observed the same 4 bees as for 

 S. tuberosum (loc. cit.). 



1978. S. asperrimum Donn. — 



Visitors.— The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



IMorawitz (Caucasus), 2 bees — Bombus vorlicosus Gerst., and Podalirius parie- 

 tinus /'. Loew (Berlin I3otanic Garden), the honey-bee, skg. through perforations 

 made by humble-bees, and the humble-bee Bombus terrester Z., vainly (?) skg. 



1979. S. caucasicum Bieb. — 



Visitors. — Loew observed the bee Anthophora pilipes F. 5, skg., in the Berlin 

 Botanic Garden. 



1980. S. peregrinum Ledeb. ( = S. asjterrimum Domi, according to the Index 



Kewensis). — 



Visitors. — Loew observed 7 bees in the Berlin Botanic Garden. — 



I. Anthidium manicatum Z. 5, skg. through holes made by humble-bees; 2. 

 Anthophora pilipes F. t>, skg.; 3. Bombus agrorum F. 5, skg. and po-cltg.; 4. B. 

 hortorum L. 5 and 5, skg., and then visiting S. officinale ; 5. B. hypnorum Z. 5, 

 skg. legitimately ; 6. B. pratorum Z. 5. perforating the flowers ; 7. B. terrester Z. 5, 

 first trying to suck legitimately and then thrusting its proboscis into holes made by 

 humble-bees. 



610. Pulmonaria L. 



Heterostylous-dimorphous, usually homogamous humble-bee flowers ; with 

 nectar secreted by the four-lobed base of the ovary, stored in the lowest part of the 

 corolla, and protected from rain by a ring of hairs in the throat of the corolla. 



1981. P. officinalis L. (Sprengel, ' Entd. Geh.,'p. 91 ; Hildebrand, Bot. Ztg., 

 Leipzig, xxiii, 1865, pp. 13-15; Herm. Miilier, ' Fertilisation,' pp. 412-14, ' Weit. 

 Beob.,' Ill, p. 16; Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' pp. 558-9; Schulz, 'Beitrage'; 

 Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. Floristik,' p. 1392; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen.') — The 

 flowers of this species are at first of a red colour, but subsequently become blue- 

 violet, while their openings widen a little, enabling insects to insert their heads for 

 a few mm. into the uppermost part of the corolla-tube, so that a proboscis of 8 mm. 

 is long enough to reach the nectar secreted at the base. In short-styled flowers 

 (Sprengel only noticed these) the stamens are situated in the opening of the corolla- 

 tube (10-12 mm. long) and the stigma about its middle. In long-styled flowers the 

 style is 10 mm. in length, so that the stigma is situated in the entrance of the corolla- 



