BORAGINEAE 



139 



lidae : 2. Meligethes sp., creeping about the flowers, but never in the corolla-tube. 

 {c) Tekphoridae : 3. Anthocomus fasciatus Z., vainly skg. B. Diptera. (a) Conopidae : 

 4. Myopa sp., skg. (3) Empidae: 5. Empis opaca F., skg. ; 6. E. vernalis Mg., do. 

 (f) Muscidae : 7. Anthomyia radicum Z. 5 and $ ; 8. Calobata cothurnata Fz., skg. ; 

 9. Chlorops scalaris Mg.; 10. Echinomyia sps.; 11. Musca corvine F., skg. ; 12. M. 

 domestica Z., do.; 13. Opomyza germinationis Z., numerous, skg.; 14. Onesia 

 floralis R.-D., skg. ; 1 5. O. sepulcralis Mg., do. ; 1 6. Pollenia vespillo F., do. ; 

 17. Scatophaga merdaria i^., do. ; i8. S. stercoraria Z. ; 19. Sepsis atriceps i?.-Z?., 

 in copula on the flowers ; 20. Siphona geniculata Deg., skg. {d) Syrphidae : 

 21. Eristalis arbustorum Z., freq., skg.; 22. E. sepulcralis Z., do.; 23. Rhingia 

 rostrata Z., skg.; 24. Syritta pipiens Z., very common, skg. C. Hymenoptera. 

 Apidae: 25. Andrena albicans K. 5, persistently skg.; 26. A. pilipes F. 5, skg.; 

 27. A. varians Rossi 5, do.; 28. Apis mellifica Z. 5, freq., skg.; 29. Megachile 

 fasciata Sm. S, sunning itself on the flowers; 30. Osmia rufa Z. $, one, skg. 

 D. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: 31. Pieris sp., skg. 



Fig. 277. Ji/j'(3j(?//.sjj;/i/a//Va, /r,2^»i. (after Herm. Miiller). (i) Flower seen from above. (2) Do., 

 partly dissected from the side (x 7). (3) Pollen-gTains. a, bright blue limb of the corolla; b, white 

 radial streaks ; c, yellow centre of the corolla ; rf, stamens ; e, stigma ; _/, nectary. 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. — 



Bail (West Prussia), 2 hover-flies (Eristalis sp., and Helophilus sp.) and 2 

 butterflies (Pieris napi Z., and Polyommatus phlaeas Z.) (Bot. Centralbl., Cassel, ix, 

 1882). Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), a hover-fly ('Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 122). 



2003. M. alpestris F. W. Schmidt (=M. sylvatica Hoffm., var. fi alpestris 

 Koch). (Herm. Miiller, 'Alpenblumen,' pp. 259-60.) — The fragrant flowers of this 

 Alpine species are commonly of a more vivid and darker blue than those of lowland 

 species, though paler blossoms also occur as well as small- and large-flowered stocks. 

 (Cf. Fig. 278.) Their mechanism agrees with that of M. sylvatica. Crossing by 

 insect-visits is favoured, but should these fail automatic self-pollination takes place. 

 Magnus observed a variety with an excessive number of flowers, and as this remained 

 constant under cultivation continuous autogamy was inferred. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 



stated. — 



Herm. Miiller (Alps), 33 Lepidoptera, 18 flies, a bee, and a beetle. Loew 

 (Switzerland), the hover-fly Melithreptus scriptus Z. (' Beitrage,' p. 60) : (Berlin 



