CONVOLVULACEAE 145 



stocks of this with flowers possessing normal anthers, he is of opinion that it is 

 impossible to regard the small size of the flowers as due to the action of the 

 fungus. 



Visitors. — Herm. MUller gives the following list. — 



A. Coleoptera. (a) Cerambyddae : 1 . Leptura livida Z., dvg. pollen and 

 anthers, {b) Curculiomdae : 2. Spermophagus cardui Slev., penetrating into the base 

 of the flower, {c) Nitidulidae : 3. Meligethes, very common in the nectar-passages. 

 {d) Oedemeridae : 4. Oedemera virescens L., po-dvg. (e) Telephoridae : 5. Malachius 

 viridis i^., po-dvg. B. Diptera. (a) Bombyliidae: 6. Bombihus canescens il/z'/^., skg. 

 (b) Empidae : 7. Empis livida Z., extremely freq., skg., inserting its proboscis into the 

 5 nectar-passages successively. (<r) Muscidae : 8. Oliviera lateralis Pz., skg. ; 

 9. Sepsis, freq. in the nectar-openings; 10. Ulidia erythrophthalma Mg., running 

 about in the flowers and settling on the nectar-openings, (d) Syrphidae : 11. Eristalis 

 arbustorum Z., skg. and po-dvg.; 12. Helophilus floreus Z., do.; 13. Melithreptus 

 scriptus Z., po-dvg. ; 14. RI. taeniatus Mg., do.; 15. Syrphus balteatus Deg., do.; 

 16. S. nitidicollis il^., do. C. Hemiiptera. 17. Nabis, skg. D. Hymenoptera. 

 (a) Apidae: 18. Andrena cingulata F. 5, skg.; 19. Apis mellifica Z. 5, very common, 

 skg. and po-cltg. : in order to suck it creeps along the funnel-shaped corolla into the 

 base of the flower and gets its head and back dusted with pollen, after having first 

 brushed against the stigma with the same regions ; 20. Chelostoma campanularum 

 K. 5, skg. ; 21. Halictus leucozonius Schr. 5, po-cltg. ; 22. H. longulus Sm. 5, do ; 

 23. H. malachurus K. $, do. ; 24. H. morio F. 5, skg. and po-cltg. ; 25. H. 

 nitidiusculus K. S, skg.; 26. H. smeathmanellus K. 5, do.; 27. H. tetrazonius 

 Klg. 5, do. ; 28. H. villosulus K., po-cltg. ; 29. Panurgus banksianus K. S, skg. 

 (3) Forviicidae : 30. Lasius niger Z. 5, resting in the nectar-openings and trying, 

 without success, to force its head into them, (f) Sphegidae: 31. Entomognathus 

 brevis Z. J, skg. E. Lepidoptera. All skg. Rhopalocera : 32. Argynnis latonia Z. 

 (Bavarian Oberpfalz) ; 33. Epinephele janira Z. ; 34. Pieris napi Z. ; 35. P. rapaeZ. 

 F. Thysanoptera. 36. Thrips, very numerous. 



Alfken noticed 3 bees at Bremen (i. Halictus morio F. 5 and S; 2. Prosopis 

 communis Nyl. 5 ; 3. P. hyalinata Sm. S) and records the following 9 bees for 

 various localities. 



(Bozen), i. Systropha curvicornis Scop., freq., skg. and po-cltg., the sides of its 

 abdomen thickly covered with pollen ; 2. Biastes brevicornis Pz. (the parasite of i), 

 rare : (Trieste), 3. Halictus cephalicus Mor., 5 and i, skg. ; 4. H. morio F. 5 and J ; 

 5. H. subauratus Rossi; 6. H. leucozonius ScAr. $, very common ; 7. H. morbillosus 

 Krchb. 5 and S ; 8. H. scabiosae Rossi, very common, skg. and po-cltg., the most 

 frequent pollinator on the Austrian coast ; 9. Prosopis sp. 



Knuth gives the following. — 



I. For Schleswig-Holstein. — A. Diptera. Syrphidae: all po-dvg.: i. Eristalis 

 sp. ; 2. E. tenax Z.; 3. Helophilus pendulus Z. ; 4. Syrphus balteatus Deg. 

 B. Hymenoptera. Apidae : all skg. and po-cltg. : 5. Apis mellifica Z. ; 6. Bombus 

 sp. ; 7. B. terrester Z. 



II. For the high land of Helgoland. — A. Diptera. Muscidae: i. Coelopa 

 frigida Za//., skg. without effecting crossing; 2. Lucilia caesar Z., do. (11. 7. '95). 

 B. Orthoptera. 3. Forficula auricularia Z., dvg. the flowers. 



The following were observed by Loew in Silesia (' Beitrage,' p. 26). — 



A. Diptera. (a) Bombyliidae: i. Anthrax maura Z., skg. ; 2. Systoechus sul- 

 phureus yJ/z)^(Z«., do. \b) Stratiomyidae : 3. Odontomyia viridulaZ"., skg. {c) Syrphidae : 

 4. Chrysotoxum festivum Z., skg. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 5. Systropha spiralis 

 Oliv. i and 5, skg., the tufts of hair on the abdomen of the 5 thickly covered with 



DAVIS. Ill 



