SCROPHULARINEAE 



195 



weather when the flowers remain half-closed. Kerner says that anthesis lasts for 

 two days. 



Fig. 300. Veronica apkylla, L, (after Herm. Miiller). A. Completely 

 open flower. B. Half-closed flower, in which self-pollination is taking place 



(X 7). 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller observed a Muscid, a Syrphid, and a beetle, on the 

 Stilfser Joch. 



2125. V. alpina L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' p. 270; Schulz, 'Beitrage,' 

 II, p. 117.) — The minute flowers of this species, hardly 4 mm. in diameter, are homo- 

 gamous, or sometimes feebly protogynous. Lindman found flowers on the Dovrefjeld 

 to be at first protogynous and then homogamous. In Greenland, according to 



Fig. 301. Veronica alpina^ L. (after Herm. Miiller). A, Flower seen 

 directly from the front. B. Do., from above. C. Pistil and nectary (x 7). 

 ^r, style ; ?i, nectary ; ov^ ovary ; st^ stigma. 



Warming, the mechanism is the same as in the Alps. During unfavourable weather 

 the flowers remain closed, and autogamy takes place by direct contact of anthers and 

 stigma. Insect-visits are few. 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller only observed a Muscid. 



2126. V. arvensis L. (Herm. Miiller, 'Weit. Beob.,' Ill, p. 35 ; Kirchner, 

 'Flora V. Stuttgart,' p. 591.) — In this species the dark sky-blue corolla possesses 

 a whitish nectar-guide, and is marked by darker streaks, but there is no nectar-cover. 

 When expanded the flowers are 5 mm. in diameter. The filaments are not attenuated 

 at the base. Anthers and stigma are at the same level, and so close together that 



2 



