igS ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



Burkill observed the following on the coast of Yorkshire (' Fertilisation of 

 Spring Flowers '). — 



A. Coleoptera. Curculionidae : i. Apion nigritarse K., skg. B. Diptera. 

 Muscidae : 2. Sepsis nigripes Mg., skg. C. Hemiptera. 3. One sp., skg. 

 D. Hymenoptera. {a) Apidae : 4. Andrena gwynana K. 5, skg. (3) Formicidae : 

 5. Formica fusca Z., skg. (c) Ichneumonidae : 6. Two sp., skg. E. Thysanoptera. 

 7. Thrips sp., skg. 



2135. V. Ponae Gouan. (MacLeod, ' Pyreneenbl.,' p. 38.)— The flowers of 

 this species are reddish-violet in colour. 



Visitors. — MacLeod observed 4 Diptera (a Bombylius, 2 Syrphids, and an 

 Empid) fin the Pyrenees. 



2136. V. gentianoides Vahl. — 



Visitors. — Loew observed the Dermestid beetle Anthrenus scrophulariae L. in 

 the Beriin Botanic Garden. 



2137. V. Sandersoni. (Ludwig, Biol. Centralbl., Berlin, vi, 1886-7.) — 

 Ludwig describes this species as bearing protandrous flowers, in which at first the 

 corolla is bright red, the filaments and style being also red, and about 7 mm. long. 

 Later on these parts become white, and the style elongates to 13 mm. 



665. Paederota L. 



2138. P. Bonarota L. (Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. Floristik,' p. 50 ; Kerner, ' Nat. 

 Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, pp. 334-5.) — This species is native to Camiola, Carinthia, 

 and adjacent regions. Loew examined cultivated plants, and found the flowers to be 

 homogamous. The corolla-tube is 4 mm. long. Kerner says that the anthers do 

 not at first reach the level of the stigma, but subsequently attain this by elongation 

 of the filaments, so that automatic self-pollination takes place. 



2139. P. Ageria L. (Kerner, op. cit., p. 402.) — This species is native to 

 Carniola and Lower Steiermark. Kerner observed plants cultivated in the Innsbruck 

 Botanic Garden to be infertile. Automatic self-pollination is excluded. 



666. Wulfenia Jacq. 



2140. W. carinthiaca Jacq. — This species is native to Upper Carinthia. 

 Cultivated plants observed by Hildebrand and Loew were protogynous. Self- 

 pollination is possibly excluded. 



667. Tozzia L. 



Homogamous or feebly protogynous fly flowers ; with nectar secreted by the 

 base of the ovary. 



2141. T. alpina L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 277-9.) — The flowers 

 of this species are homogamous or feebly protogynous. The three lower lobes of the 

 brilliant yellow corolla present dark purple blotches serving as nectar-guides. Nectar 

 is abundantly secreted, and is easily accessible to insects with a proboscis only a few 

 milhmetres long. At first the style projects considerably beyond the stamens, so thai 

 insect visitors touch the stigma before the anthers. During subsequent growth of 



