SCROPHULARINEAE 



213 



corolla-tube pursues a straight course for about 3 mm. and then bends at right angles. 

 This not only prevents the abundant nectar from running out, but deters the thievish 

 humble-bee Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. from stealing, for it finds it difficult to insert 

 its proboscis round the sharp bend. Self-pollination is excluded. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



Herm. Miiller, 7 humble-bees, 7 Lepidoptera, and a Bombylius. Loew 

 (Heuthal), the humble-bee Bombus alticola Krchb. 5, skg. (' Blutenbiol. Floristik,' 

 P- 399)' MacLeod (Pyrenees), a humble-bee skg. legitimately (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, 

 Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 315). 



2159. P. tuberosa L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 301-2; Kerner, 

 ' Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 376.) — The flower mechanism of this species 

 agrees pretty well with that of P. asplenifoha, but the lower lip is not so oblique. 



Fig. 310. Pedicularis tuberosa^ L. (after Herm. Miiller). Upper lip in 

 longitudinal section. //' and kk\ long and short stamens. 



The uppermost part of the filaments is beset with hairs to prevent the pollen from 

 being scattered at the side. The corolla-tube is 9 mm. long. Kerner says that 

 autogamy is effected in much the same way as in P. incamata. 



2160. P. lapponica L. (Warming, Bot. Tids., Kjobenhavn, xvii, 1890, 

 pp. 219-20; Schneider, Troms0 Mus. Aarsh., 1894; Abromeit, 'Bot. Ergeb. von 

 Drygalski's Gronlandsexped.,' p. 42.) — Warming examined this species on the 

 Dovrefjeld, and describes the flowers as smelling like roses, and possessing a mechanism 

 similar to that of P. Oederi Vahl. But as the lower lip is still more oblique, it would 

 appear to be more strongly adapted to entomophily than other related forms. In 

 accordance with this, according to Aurivillius, the style is widely exserted, so that 

 insect visitors must first touch the stigma, and thus effect cross-pollination. Owing 

 to the horizontal position of the flower, however, it is perhaps possible for autogam}' 

 to be effected by the fall of pollen. Lindman observed ripe fruits, but the plant 

 propagates vigorously by means of subterranean shoots. 



Abromeit states that in Greenland the corolla varies from yellowish-white to 

 sulphur-yellow in colour, and is 14-15 mm. long. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



