LABIATAE 271 



2 moths — Coleophora lixella ZelL, and Agrotis vestigialis H/n. Hoffer (Steiermark), 

 the humble-bee Bombus hortorum L. J. Frey (Switzerland), 2 moths — Gelechia 

 distinctella Zelt., and Pempellia ornatella S.V. (Engadine). Frey-Gessner (Switzer- 

 land), the humble-bee Bombus agrorum F., and 2 Scoliids — Scolia hirta Schr., and 

 S. quadripunctata F. Schiner (Austria), 2 hover-flies — ^Merodon cinereus F. and 

 Sericomyia borealis Fall. Von Fricken (Westphalia), the Chrysomelid beetle Crypto- 

 cephalus pygmaeus F. Seitz (Darmstadt), the largest German Chrysidid Parnopes 

 grandior Pall., very occasionally in July. Ducke (Austrian Silesia), the bee Andrena 

 simillima Sm. von Dalla Torre (Tyrol), 3 bees — i. Anthidium punctatum Llr. 5 ; 



2. Bombus muscorum F.'^; 3. Chalicodoma manicata Gir. 5. Schletterer (Tyrol), 

 and for Pola (P.), 5 bees — i. Anthidium punctatum Lir.; 2. Bombus terrester Z. ; 



3. B. variabilis Schmtedekn. ; 4. Podalirius vulpinus Pz. ; 5. Sphecodes gibbus L. (P.). 

 Handlirsch, the Sphegid Bembex Integra Pz. MacLeod (Pyrenees), 1 1 Hymenoptera ; 

 2 beetles, 8 Lepidoptera, and 11 flies (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, 

 pp. 326-7): (Flanders), the honey-bee, 3 humble-bees, one other long-tongued bee, 

 2 short-tongued bees, 3 hover-flies, and 6 Lepidoptera (op. cit., v, 1893, pp. 366-7, 

 vi, 1894, p. 372). H. de Vries (Netherlands), 2 humble-bees — Bombus agrorum 

 F. 5, and B. terrester L. 5 (Ned. Kruidk. Arch., Nijmegen, 2. Ser., 2. Deel, 1875). 

 Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), the honey-bee, freq., 2 humble-bees, and 3 Muscids 

 ('Flora of Dumfriesshire,' p. 136). E. D. Marquard (Cornwall), the bee Andrena 

 coitna K. t. Herm. Miiller (Alps), 30 Diptera, 27 Hymenoptera, and 65 Lepidoptera. 



Schulz ('Beitrage,' I, pp. 81-2, II, p. 130) in describing the variety (a) Chamae- 

 drys Fries as a species, speaks of it as gynodioecious (often 40-50 % female flowers), 

 very seldom gynomonoecious, and in places also androdioecious (e. g. Italy and, 

 according to Delpino, England). In certain parts of the Riesengebirge (between 

 Schmiedeberg and Krummhiibel) Schulz observed sporadically female plants only ; in 

 other places (e. g. in the Riesengrunde) they were extremely rare. He found 

 similar conditions in Central Thuringia and at Halle. Ludwig states that at the 

 beginning of the flowering season there are more female stocks in bloom than later. 

 Schulz, however, could find no seasonal variation in the frequency with which the 

 two forms of stock came into flower. He says that the size of the usually protandrous, 

 more rarely homogamous hermaphrodite flowers is very variable. Although they are 

 visited by insects at least as often as the female flowers, they bring comparatively few 

 seeds to maturity. Darwin states that the seeds of the hermaphrodite flowers are 

 lighter than those of the female ones. This is disputed by Errera and Gevaert, but 

 Schulz found that in many cases a number of seeds from female flowers were some- 

 what heavier than a corresponding number from hermaphrodite ones. 



Visitors. — MacLeod (Pyrenees) noticed the humble-bee Bombus agrorum F. 

 (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 338). Schletterer records the humble-bee 

 Bombus terrester L. for the Tyrol and Istria, and observed the following bees 

 at Pola. — 



I. Anthidium manicatum Z. ; 2. A. septemdentatum Llr.; 3. Andrena albo- 

 punctata Rossi; 4. A. carbonaria Z. ; 5. A. convexiuscula K., var. fuscata K.% 

 6. K. A\xh\\.aX3. Schenck; 7. A. flavipes Pz. ; 8. A. flessae Pz- ; 9. A. labilis .AT. ; 

 10. A. limbata Z"!/. ; 11. A. lucens ZwA. ; 12. A.morioZ".; 13. Ceratina nigroaenea 

 Gerst.; 14. Coelioxys aurolimbata FoersL; 15. Colletes fodiens K.; 16. C. 

 lacunatus Dours.; 17. C. niveofasciatus Dours.; 18. Eucera interrupta Baer. 

 19. E. parvula Friese; 20. E. ruficolhs BrulL; 21. Halictus fasciatellus Schenck 

 22. H. leucozonius Schr.<^; 23. H. malachurus A". ; 24. H. morbillosus Krchb. 

 25. H. scabiosae ./Sow/; 26. H. sexcinctus Z'. ; 27. H. tetrazonius .S7^. ; 28. H. 



