278 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



716. Nepeta Riv. 

 Flowers protandrous, belonging to classes Hb or Hhb, rarely to LHhb. 

 Nectar secreted and stored as usual. Gynomonoecism and gynodioecism. 



2294. N. Cataria L. (Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' p. 315; Schulz, 

 'Beitrage,' I, p. 84, II, p. 196.) — The hermaphrodite flowers of this species are 

 about 7-8 mm. long. The stigma sometimes projects beyond the anthers, or may 

 be of the same length, in which case, however, strong protandry renders self- 

 pollination impossible. 



The female flowers are 5-6 mm. long. They occur as a rule (up to 50 %) 

 on the same plants with hermaphrodite ones, and but rarely on separate stocks. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



Herm. Miiller (Alps), the humble-bee Bombus agrorum F. 5, skg. Knuth 

 (Kiel Ober-Realschule Garden, 12. 8. '98), the humble-bee B. terrester Z. $, steadily 

 skg. Loew (Berhn Botanic Garden), the hover-fly Syritta pipiens L., po-dvg., and 

 the bee Osmia aenea Z. 5, skg. 



2295. N. nuda L. (Herm. Muller, ' Weit. Beob.,' Ill, pp. 53-5 ; Schulz, 

 'Beitrage,' II, p. 196.) — The fragrant flowers of this species are arranged in very 

 conspicuous inflorescences. Hermann Muller says that their entrances are marked 

 with numerous bright-purple blotches which serve as guides to the nectar. This is 

 abundantly secreted by the very large base of the ovary. The lower, narrowed part 

 of the corolla-tube is 3 mm. long, and broadens out above to a part of the same 

 length, which allows of the insertion of an insect's head. The upper lip is short, 

 and therefore incapable of protecting the pollen from rain ; it is long enough, 

 however, to hold the filaments and style in such a position that a bee visitor must 

 touch the anthers, and (in a later stage) the stigma. The lower lip projects far 

 enough to afford a convenient alighting-platform. At its base and in the mouth of 

 the flower are hairs which prevent rain from entering, or at least render it difficult, 

 but the circlet of hairs commonly found inside the corolla-tube is here absent. 

 At the beginning of anthesis only the pollen-covered anthers project from the flower. 

 Later on the style elongates beyond the stamens and its stigmatic branches diverge. 

 Automatic self-pollination is thus probably excluded. Schulz observed sporadic 

 female stocks besides protandrous hermaphrodite ones. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



Herm. Miiller (Thuringia). — A. Coleoptera. (j) Mordcllidae : i. Anaspis 

 frontalis Z., an unbidden guest, {b) Nilidulidae : 2. Meligethes sp., do. B.Diptera. 

 Bombyliidae : 3. Bombylius canescens Mik., skg., but not pollinating. C. Hy- 

 menoptera. Apidae : 4. Anthidium punctatum £ir. S, skg. ; 5. Anthophora 

 quadrimaculata F. $, do. ; 6. Apis mellifica Z. 5> do., in very large numbers ; 

 7. Bombus agrorum J\ 5 and 5, skg.; 8. B. pratorum Z. 5 and 5> do.; 9. Halictus 

 flavipes K. 5, po-cltg. ; 10. H. malachurus A'. $, skg.; 11. Osmia adunca Z/r. J, 

 in large numbers, skg.; 12. Prosopis communis iVj'/., one 5. D. Lepidoptera. 

 Rhopalocera : 13. Epinephele janira Z., skg. 



Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden), the Telephorid beede Dasytes flavipes F., 

 creeping into the flowers, and 2 bees, skg. — Anthidium manicatum Z. 5, and 

 Megachile centuncularis Z. 5. 



