LABIA TAE 287 



cylindricus F. 5, vainly searching for nectar (H. M.); 14. H. leucopus A'. 5, do. 

 (H. M.); 15. H. sexnotatus A'. 5, do. (H. M.); i6. Melecta armata Fz. 5 and S, 

 skg. (H. M., Budd.); 17. Osmia adunca Pz. $, casually skg. (Budd.); 18. O. rufa 

 Z. $, skg. (H. M.). D. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: 19. Rhodocera rhamni Z., 

 skg. (H. M.). 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. — 



Knuth (North Frisian Is.), the honey-bee and 2 humble-bees. Alfken (Bremen), 

 2 humble-bees — Bombus muscorum F. 5, skg., and B. terrester Z. 5 and ^i do. 

 Hoppner (Bremen), 14 bees — i. Andrena nigroaenea K.\ 2. A. tibialis A'. 5 ; 3. 

 Bombus agrorum F. 5 ; 4. B. lapidarius Z. 5 ; 5. B. muscorum A", j ; 6. B. rajellus 

 K.; 7. B. sylvarum Z. 5 ; 8. B. terrester Z. 5; 9. B. variabilis Schmiedekn. %; 10. 

 Halictus calceatus Scop. 5; 11. H. leucozonius Schr. 5; 12. Osmia caerulescens 

 Z. 5 and S ; 13. O. solskyi Mor. j and $ ; 14. Psithyrus campestris Pz. ; Schmiede- 

 knecht (Thuringia), the bee Osmia aurulenta Pz. Friese (Thuringia), the bee Osmia 

 andrenoides Spin. : (Nassau, teste Buddeberg) the bee Andrena neglecta Dours, 

 one 5. Loew (Brandenburg), 2 bees — Anthophora pilipes F. S, skg., and Osmia 

 bicornis Z. S, do. (' Beitrage,' p. 44) : (Silesia), 2 bees — Anthidium manicatum Z. 5, 

 skg. and po. cltg., and Anthophora quadrimaculata F. 5 and S skg., 5 also po-cltg. 

 (op. cit., p. 34). Hoffer (Steiermark), the humble-bee Bombus terrester Z. 5. 

 Schletterer and von Dalla Torre, Tyrol and Pola (P.), 11 bees — i. Andrena 

 nigroaenea A^. ; 2. Bombus derhamellus A". ; 3. B. sylvarum Z. ; 4. B. variabilis 

 Schmiedekn. ; 5. Halictus albipes F. ; 6. H. smeathmanellus K. ; 7. H. tumulorum 

 Z. ; 8. Melecta armata Pz.; 9. Podalirius acervorum Z. (P. and T.); 10. P. 

 retusus Z., do. ; 11. Prosopis annulata Z. (=P. borealis Nyl^. Schletterer (Pola), 

 the 2 bees Anthidium manicatum Z., and Eucera longicornis Z., as well as the 2 sp. of 

 Podalirius. Scott-Elliot (Dumfriesshire), a humble-bee (' Flora of Dumfriesshire,' 

 p. 140). Burkill (Yorkshire coast), ('Fertilizn. of Spring Fls.'). — A. Diptera. 

 Muscidae: i. Lucilia cornicina A., po-dvg. ; 2. Sepsis nigripes VJ^., nect.-skg. B. 

 Hymenoptera. Apidae : 3. Bombus agrorum F., skg. C. Lepidoptera. 

 Rhopalocera : 4. Vanessa urticae Z., skg. Saunders (S.) and Smith (Sm.) (England), 

 2 bees — Anthidium manicatum Z. (Sm.), and Podalirius vulpinus Pz. (S., Sm.). 



2315. L. amplexicaule L. (Hildebrand, 'D. Geschlechts-Vert. b. d. Pfl.,' 

 p. 74 ; Herm. Miiller, ' Fertilisation,' p. 496, ' Weit. Beob.,' Ill, pp. 47-8 ; Kerner, 

 ' Nat. Hist. PL,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 392; Hoffmann, Bot. Ztg., Leipzig, xli, 1883, 

 pp. 294-7 ; Kirchner, ' Flora v. Stuttgart,' p. 622 ; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen.') 

 — The corolla-tube of the purple-red flowers of this species is 10- 11 mm. long, the 

 upper 4 mm. being so expanded that a humble-bee can insert its head. The mechanism 

 agrees with that of L. album, but the corolla-tube is glabrous internally, and the 

 flowers are not always invariably homogamous, but occasionally feebly protandrous. 

 Automatic self-pollination usually takes place soon after the beginning of anthesis. 

 Hansgirg states that in bad weather the flowers sometimes remain pseudo-cleisto- 

 gamously closed. Genuine cleistogamy is also comparatively frequent. Kerner says 

 that cleistogamous flowers are to be found in late autumn and early spring. Hoffmann, 

 in the summer, also observed entirely cleistogamous stocks, besides those of mixed 

 character or purely chasmogamous. In July and August I found cleistogamous 

 flowers in which the stigma and anthers were fully mature and situated close together 

 (cf. Vol. I, Fig. 8, p. 55). Warnstorf states (Verh. bot. Ver., Berlin, xxxviii, 1896) 

 that in gardens and fields near Ruppin from May until autumn cleistogamous flowers 

 are commoner than chasmogamous ones. The pollen-grains are saffron yellow in 

 colour, ellipsoidal, finely tuberculate, about 50 ^ long and 35 \i broad. 



