298 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



centuncularis L. i (Alps), 2 humble-bees, skg. Loew (Mecklenburg and the Harz) 

 (' Beitrage,' pp. 45, 53), the bee Anthidium manicatum L. t, skg. Friese (Hungary), 

 the bee Halictus (Nomioides) pulchellus Schenck, freq. : (Thuringia), the parasitic bee 

 Stelis nasuta Ltr. MacLeod (Pyrenees), 2 humble-bees and a Lepidopterid (Bot. 

 Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iii, 1891, p. 332). Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden), the 

 hover-fly Melithreptus scriptus Z., po-dvg., and 3 bees — i. Anthidium manicatum 

 L. 5 and 5, skg., also in copula ; 2. Bombus agrorum F. 5, skg. ; 3. B. sylvarum 

 L. 5, skg. Gerstacker (Berlin), 4 bees — i. Coelioxys afra Lep., one S; 2. C. 

 elongata Lep., one 5 ; 3. C. quadridentata L. ; 4. Osmia aurulenta Pz., freq. von 

 Dalla Torre (Tyrol), 4 bees — i. Anthidium manicatum L.Z\ 2. Bombus muscorum 

 F. 5, very common; 3. B. sylvarum L. 5 and 5; 4. B. variabilis Schmiedekn. (=B. 

 tristis Setdl.) 5. 



2332. S. annua L. (Schulz, 'Beitrage,' I, p. 84, II, pp. 138-9; Kirchner, 

 ' Beitrage,' p. 56.) — The flowers of this species are whitish-yellow, the lower lip being 

 spotted with red. Schulz says that the corolla-tube is 8-10 mm. long, and its mouth 

 5-6 mm. wide. The stigmatic branches often diverge in the bud, and the anthers 

 dehisce after the opening of the flower. They are situated so close to the stigma 

 that automatic self-pollination must take place. The outer stamens subsequently 

 bend outwards. Self-pollination can be eflfected by insect-visits as easily as cross- 

 pollination. Purely female flowers have not been observed. 



Visitors. — Kirchner observed humble-bees, but did not determine their species. 



2333. S. italica Mill. — 



Visitors. — Schletterer observed the following 7 bees at Pola. — 



I. Anthidium manicatum Z. ; 2. Andrena cyanescens Nyl.; 3. Bombus 

 terresterZ.; 4. Megachile argentata Z'. ; 5. M. bicoloriventris iI/o/-j-. ; 6. M. lefeburei 

 Lep.; 7. M. muraria 7?i?/z. 



2334. S. germanica L. (Schulz, 'Beitrage,' II, p. 197; Kirchner, ' Flora v. 

 Stuttgart,' p. 628; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen.') — This species bears female 

 flowers, as well as protandrous hermaphrodite ones. Schulz only observed occasional 

 gynomonoecism. T. Whitelegge says that gynodioeciously distributed female flowers 

 occur in England. Kirchner also describes the plant as gynodioecious (in Wurtem- 

 berg) and the female stocks as bearing small flowers with stamens entirely absent or 

 greatly reduced. 



Visitors. — Loew observed the following bees in the Berlin Botanic Garden. — 



I . Anthidium manicatum Z. J and 5, skg. ; one 5 was seen biting off the felted 

 white hairs from the leaves with her mandibles; 2. Apis mellifica Z. 5, skg.; 3. 

 Bombus agrorum F. g, do.; 4. B. terrester Z. $, do. ; 5. Megachile fasciata Sm. 5, 

 do. ; 6. Psithyrus vestalis Fourcr. 5, do. : on the var. dasyantha Bombus lapidarius 

 Z. 5, skg. : on the var. intermedia Ait. — Coelioxys rufescens Lep. S, skg. : on the var. 

 villosa Anthidium manicatum Z., skg., and Megachile fasciata Sm. J, do. 



The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated. — 



Knuth (Kiel Botanic Garden), the humble-bee Bombus terrester Z. 5, skg. 

 Schletterer and von Dalla Torre (Tyrol), the bee Megachile muraria Retz. 



2335. S. alpina L.— 



Visitors. — Loew (Berhn Botanic Garden) observed the honey-bee, skg. 



2336. S. cretica Sibth. et Sm. — 



Visitors. — Loew (Berlin Botanic Garden) observed 3 bees, skg. — 



