358 



ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 



Fig. 359. Dafhtie striata, L. (after Herm. Muller). 

 E. Flower in longitudinal section ; w, nectary. F. Flower 

 from above. 



5. Bombus hortorum L. 5, skg. (Kn.) ; 6. Halictus cylindricus F. $ (Kn., H. M.) ; 

 7. H. leucopus K. 5 (H. M.) ; 8. H. minutissimus K. ^■, 9. H. nitidus Schenck 5 ; 

 all skg.; 10. Osmia fusca Chr. t (H. M.) ; 11. O. rufa Z. $ and S (H. M.), skg. 

 C. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: 12. Rhodocera rhamni L. (Kn., Lud.), skg.; 

 13. "Vanessa unicae L. (Kn., H. M.), do. 



Heinsius saw 2 long-tongued bees in Holland — Anthophora pilipes F. t, and 

 Bombus terrester L. 5 (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, iv, 1892, p. 79). 



2504. D. striata Tratt. (Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 207-9 ; Schulz, 



' Beitrage,' II, pp. 160-1.) — This 

 species bears homogamous lepido- 

 pterid flowers smelling like elder. 

 Their mechanism agrees with that 

 of the preceding species, but the 

 corolla-tube is so long and narrow 

 that only Lepidoptera can obtain 

 the nectar and effect pollination. 

 Autogamy is possible by fall of 

 pollen. 



Visitors. — Herm. Muller ob- 

 served numerous Lepidoptera (9 

 species), and A. Schulz similarly. 



2505. D. Laureola L. (Mac- 

 Leod, ' Pyreneenbl.,' p. 440 ; Midge- 

 ville, Bull. soc. bot., Paris, xxxv, 1887.) — Mi^geville describes small fertile and large 

 sterile flowers for this species as for D. Mezereum. They are yellowish in colour 

 and belong to class L. 



Visitors. — MacLeod saw a Lepidopterid in the Pyrenees, and Bonnier noticed 

 the honey-bee. 



2506. D. Cneorum L. (Briquet, ' £tudes de biol, flor. dans les Alpes Occi- 

 dent.') — Briquet says that the red, fragrant flowers of this species are frequently 

 visited by butterflies. The diameter of the perianth limb is 10-20 mm. The perianth 

 tube narrows upwards, and the epiphyllous anthers are in two whorls, one 3-4 mm. 

 above the other, while the capitate stigma is placed about 4 mm. deeper than the 

 lower whorl. The lower part of the inner wall of the perianth tube secretes small 

 drops of a sweet fluid. Butterflies effect cross- and self-pollination, and pollen can 

 fall automatically upon the stigma of upright flowers. Kirchner adds that plants 

 from Tuttlingen (Wiirtemberg) and Mount Salvatore (near Lugano) possessed a dark- 

 green glandular disk at the base of the ovary, which secretes nectar as in D. Mezereum 

 and D. striata. 



Visitors. — Vide supra. 



2507. D. alpina L. (Briquet, op. cit.) — Briquet states that the four perianth 

 lobes of the milk-white flowers belonging to this species diverge to give them a dia- 

 meter of about 10 mm. In the perianth tube the eight anthers are situated in two 

 whorls about i-i^ mm. apart, and the capitate stigma is placed somewhat more 



