400 



ANGIOSPERMAE—MONOCOTYLEDONES 



green stripes. The labellum is whitish-green with reddish spots and possesses a very 

 long middle lobe. The whole flower exhales an odour of goats. Kemer says that it 

 smells like caproic acid. 



Visitors. — Hildebrand observed a bee. 



8i8. Habenaria Willd. 



Lepidopterid flowers. 



2615. H. conopsea Benth. (=Gymnadenia conopsea R. Br., and Orchis 

 conopseaZ.). (Herm. Miiller, 'Alpenblumen,' pp. 63-5 ; Darwin, op. cit., pp. 65-8; 

 Kirchner, 'Flora v. Stuttgart,' p. i7o.)^The flowers of this species exhale an odour 

 of pinks, and are generally purple-red in colour, rarely white. In the former case 

 they are more adapted for pollination by butterflies, in the latter by moths. The 

 spur, which is 13-15 mm. long, frequently contains such abundant nectar that it 

 is filled high up with it. The two long, narrow, naked disks are situated close 



Fig. 367. Habenaria conopsea, Benth. (after Herm, 

 Miiller). A. Flower, seen from below (x 3). B. Repro- 

 ductive organs of do., seen directly from the front (X 20). 

 aa, anther; a' a\ vestigial anthers; kl kl. adhesive disks 

 o, opening of spur ; ov, ovary ; pp. upper petals ; p\ labetlum 

 ^.s, lateral sepals ; s', upper sepal ; sp. spur ; st st, stigmatic 

 surfaces. 



Fig. 368. Habenaria odoratissima, Franch. 

 (after Herm. Miiller). C. Flower, after re- 



moval of all the sepals and the petals except 

 spur of labellum: seen from the front (x 7). 

 i). Flower, seen from below (x 3). h. height 

 to which nectar rises in the spur ; remaining 

 letters as in Fig. 367. 



in front of the entrance to the spur, which is very narrow and therefore affords 

 a passage for the proboscis of a Lepidopterid only. The pollinia torn out by 

 the proboscis bend very quickly and strongly. The flower mechanism otherwise 

 agrees essentially with that of Orchis pyramidalis. Self-pollination is excluded. 

 Wamstorf describes the pollinia as very variable in length, grey-greenish in colour, 

 consisting of masses composed of numerous pollen-grains, which are sometimes 

 rounded tetrahedral in form, sometimes bluntly cuboidal, sometimes resemble blunt 

 cones or pyramids, and are very variable in length. 



Visitors. — The following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities 

 stated. — 



Herm. Miiller (Alps), 26 species of Lepidoptera. George Darwin, several 

 moths. Loew (Silesia, ' Beitrage,' p. 54), the Telephorid beetle Cantharis albo- 



