446 



ANGIOSPERMAE—MONOCOTYLEDONES 



in the garden of the Oberrealschule in Kiel. Even the honey-bee and Bombus 

 terrester L. 5, which visited the adjacent flowers of other plants busily sucking and 

 collecting pollen, despised the odourless ones of this lily. In its native countries 

 (China and Japan) it may be pollinated by diurnal hawk-moths. 



2728. L. auratum Lindl. — Stadler ('Beitrage') states that the flowers of this 

 species are protogynous, and adapted for pollination by crepuscular and diurnal 

 Lepidoptera. 



2729. L. philadelphicum L. ( = L. umbellatum PursK). — Stadler (op. cit.) 

 says that this species agrees with L. bulbiferum L., and L. Martagon Z. as 

 regards the structure of its nectaries. 



875. Lloydia Salisb. 



Protandrous flowers with exposed nectar. 



Fig. 398. Lloydia alpina, Salisb. (after Herm. MUlIer). /T. 

 Partly dissected flower (x 5). B. Base of a perianth leaf, with 

 its nectary ( X 7). a, anthers; rf, dark-yellow swelling ; ;z, nectary 

 with its secretion ; of, ovary ; po, pollen ; st^ stigma. 



2730. L. alpina Salisb. 

 (= L. serotina Sweet). (Ricca, 

 Atti Soc. ital. sc. nat., Milano, xiii, 

 r87o; Herm. Miiller, ' Alpen- 

 blumen,' pp. 43-5.) — The flowers 

 of this species are adapted for 

 pollination by flies. Hermann 

 Miiller describes them as feebly, 

 Ricca as markedly, protandrous, 

 and therefore favourable to cross- 

 pollination by insect-visits. Nectar 

 is secreted by a thick ridge at the 

 base of each perianth leaf, and is 

 accessible to short-tongued insects. 

 Automatic self- pollination takes 

 place now and then. 



Visitors. — Herm. Miiller 

 (Alps) observed 7 Diptera, a 

 beetle, and 3 short-tongued Hy- 

 menoptera. 



876. Erythronium L. 



Bee and lepidopterid flowers. 



2731. E. Dens canis L. (Calloni, Malpighia, Messina, i, 1886-7, PP- 14-19; 

 Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 311; Loew, 'Blutenbiol. Floristik,' 

 pp. 354-5.) — This species is indigenous to the mountain forests of Carniola, 

 Steiermark, Bohemia, Hungary, &c., and bears bright-purple, more rarely ^vhite 

 pendulous flowers. The perianth leaves are reflected above, and fold together at 

 the base like a bell, thus forming a short, nectar-holding tube. Each of the 

 petals possesses a basal swelling, divided into projections by furrows. Calloni 

 says that this is the nectary ; Loew, however, considers that this collar-like ligular 

 structure is only a nectar-cover, preventing the nectar secreted at the base of the 



