152 



LAND MAMMALS IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE 



Fig. 59. — Woodchuck or Marmot (Marmota monax) 

 — By permission of the N.Y. Zoolog. Soc, 



species, and the Woodland Caribou {Rangifer caribou) is the 

 American representative of the Lapland Reindeer {R. tarandus). 

 The so-called Rocky Mountain Goat (Oreamnos montanus), a 



peculiar and aberrant 

 form of the Chamois 

 subfamily of the Ante- 

 lopes, is confined to the 

 subregion. The Moun- 

 tain Sheep (Ovis mon- 

 tana, 0. dalli) are rep- 

 resented by three or 

 four species, one of 

 which extends into the 

 Sonoran region, as does 

 also the Bison, wrongly called Buffalo {Bison bison), which is 

 nearly allied to the European B. bonasus. In Caesar's time 

 the European Bison (German, Wisent) ranged through Ger- 

 many and is described in his account of the Hercynian Forest ; 

 but the advance of civilization has almost exterminated it, 

 only a few small herds being maintained by the most rigid 

 13rotection in Russia 

 and in the Carpathian 

 Mountains. Of the Car- 

 nivora, the weasels, mar- 

 tens, Fisher, Mink and 

 Ermine are Boreal, as 

 are the Wolverene (Gulo) 

 and the Grey Wolf (Ca- 

 nis), the three last- 

 named extending also 

 into the Arctic zone. Es- 

 sentially Boreal, though 

 reaching and entering the Sonoran, are the bears (Ursus), 

 the red foxes (Vulpes), the otters (Lutra) and the Old World 

 shrews (Sorex), while the Star-nose Mole (Condylura) and 



Fig. 60. 



-Mink (Lutrcola vison) . — By permission 

 of tlie N.Y. Zoolog. Soc. 



