SUCCESSIVE MAMMALIAN FAUNAS 



203 



to Alaska. It is not likely that all these species coexisted at 

 the same time, but we cannot yet determine their order of 

 succession, though the modern species, B. bison, was probably 

 the latest to arise. Most of these species were much larger 



'^'i^^-l 





,/f<^--'" 



Fig. 116. — Restoration of \Preptoceras, a musk-ox like animal from the Californian 

 Pleistocene. (From a skeleton in the museum of the University of California.) 



than B. bison, and some were gigantic, such as B .'\latifrons , 

 which had a spread of horns of 6 feet and is found through the 

 Mississippi Valley, and B. ]crassicornis of Alaska. 



Preying upon this great assemblage of hoofed animals was 

 a corresponding array of Carnivora, most of which were in- 

 digenous and derived from American stocks, but there was a 

 considerable migrant element also, such as the bears and 

 badgers. Nearly all the modern kinds of flesh-eaters found 



