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360 YARD AND GARDEN 



the wild stock, for the brier leaf has several 

 leaflets instead of five, which the garden roses 

 possess. M'^hen suckers develop — which is not 

 often if the planting has been carefully done — 

 remove them at once at the point of juncture 

 with the root. If this can not be done without 

 great disturbance to the plant, remove the 

 growth at the lowest point possible. 



Roses should be protected by a muldi in win- 

 ter and by a lighter mulch in summer. For 

 the latter, use well-rotted cow manure, with the 

 double object in view of enriching the soil and 

 affording protection from the sun. The protec- 

 tion, however, should be first considered and 

 the surplus of the mulch employed for this pur- 

 pose should be removed in the autumn before 

 the winter covering is applied. It is safest to 

 protect all roses in winter, but if any are to be 

 neglected, let them be the Rugosas, Hybrid Per- 

 petuals and Wichuraianas. For the rest — 

 and for these wherever possible — apply a three- 

 inch covering of rough, but old manure. In the 

 more Northern sections, a heavier protection is 

 required and this is not sufficient even where 

 the winters are not very severe for the tender 

 teas. These should be protected by setting 

 bottomless and topless boxes over the plants, 



