72 



BACTERIOLOGY 



had been seen upon some of the large motile spirilla found 

 in stagnant water, but it was not until a few years ago that 

 the accuracy of this assumption was actually demonstrated. 

 By a special method of staining Loffler^ rendered visible 

 these hair-like appendages. His method, as well the several 



/^ 



Fig. 7 



i4, spiral forms with a flagellum at only one end; b, bacillus of typhoid 

 fever with flagella given off from all sides; c, large spirals from stagnant 

 water with wisps of flagella at their ends (.spirillum undula). 



modifications that have been made of it, depends for success 

 upon the use of mordants, through the agency of which 

 the stains employed are caused to adhere with increased 

 tenacity to the objects under treatment. 



1 LofBer's method of staining will be found in the chapter devoted to 

 this part of the technique. 



