^60 



JUDGING FARM ANIMALS 



Fig. 144. — "Such a head, proudly carried, 

 spoalis for the dominant sire and constitutional 

 vigor." (Photo by courtesy Mr. J. C. Allen, 

 I'urdue University.) 



pressed by the 

 head of Belvedere 

 (1706), as seen by 

 him when exposed 

 through a stable 

 window, that he 

 determined to pur- 

 chase him, which 

 he did. Bates was 

 one of the great 

 breeders of history, 

 and Belvedere was 

 one of the great 

 sires used in the 

 herd a t Kirklev- 

 ington. What the 

 intelligent breeder 

 desires in the bull 's 

 head, the equally 

 wise judge must require in the show ring. Heads lacking 

 masculinity, of steery character ; or long and narrow, show- 

 ing weak constitution ; or coarse and heavy, too big for the 

 body, should be discriminated against. The neck of the bull 

 should be strong and masculine, distinctive of the sex, with 

 a thickness and arch on top not possessed by the steer or 

 cow. Breeders differ in their views as to degree of arch of 

 neck, some preferring less than others. A thick, high arch 

 is unnecessary ; one of moderate degree suffices to denote 

 masculinity, and yet furnishes no unnecessary amount of 

 cheap meat. The entire front development of the neck, 

 breast, shoulders and chest should show the massive and 

 masculine in superior degree. So also should the hind- 

 quarters appear strong and stocky. The scrotum or testi- 

 cles — male sexual organs — should be well developed, and 

 the presence of two glands of equal size should be apparent 

 in this sac. The absence of one of these glands, while not 

 necessarily indicating a non-breeder, is looked upon with 



