268 JUDGING FARM ANIMALS 



In temperament the Hereford is naturally high-spirited 

 and very active and better adapted to large pastures and 

 the range than more restricted conditions. This breed has 

 no equal for grazing on extensive ranges. In general, the 

 Hereford is inferior in milk production and rarely shows 

 an udder of superior form. 



SCALE OF POINTS FOR HEREFORD CATTLE. 



(Adopted by the American Hereford Cattle Breeders' Association.) 



Points 



Color — Medium, deep, rich red, with white head, breast, belly, crest, 



switch and ankles > 5 



Objections: White hacTc of crop, high on flank, or too high on legs. 



Head — Forehead broad and prominent ; face short, slightlyi tapering 

 toward . nose ; muzzle full ; nostrils wide and open ; eyes large and 

 expressive; ears of medium size, well set and well covered with hair; 

 horns of medium size, even color, coming from head at right angles, 

 set on level with crops, back and tail head, curving forward and 

 downward 8 



Throat — Clean, without any excessive development of loose flesh or fat 



underneath 2 



Neck — Short, neat, spreading out to meet shoulders, with full neck vein, 

 free from loose skin. (Males: neck muscular, with full crest ac- 

 cording to age) 2 



Shoulders — Straight, round, full, smooth and well covered; top of shoul- 

 der blades slightly below vertebna, good width on top 6 



Chest — Wide, deep, round and full just back of shoulders G 



Brisket — Deep and wide, moderately projecting, free from flabbiness . . 2 



Eibs — Well sprung from backbone, close together, long and arched, car- 

 rying the full width of shoulders and deeply and smoothly covered 8 



Back and Loin — Broad, straight and heavily covered from crops to hooks; 



hooks moderately wide and well covered 10 



Bump — Long, wide, smooth and well covered, carrying width in propor- 

 tion to width of back and hooks, joining smoothly into quarters . . . . 5 



Quarters — Long, straight, muscular, full, deep, and thick 4 



Thigh and twist — Full and thick, carried well down to hocks 3 



Tail — Tail head level with line of back, tail dropping at right angles to 



back line 1 



Underline — Straight, flanks deep and full 3 



Legs — Short, straight and squarely placed, perpendicular both from side 



and end view; forearm muscular, bones strong and clean 6 



Flesh — Deep, firm, smooth, uniformly covering all parts and free from 



patchiness 8 



Skin — Of moderate thickness, mellow, pliable and loose, abundantly cov- 

 ered with long, thick, silky hair 6 



General appearance — Vigorous, compact and symmetrical. Bulls mascu- 

 line and possessing an abundance of quality and predominant breed- 

 ing characteristics. Females matronly, roomy, sm,ooth, showing qual- 

 ity and feminine appearance throughout 10 



Weight — Age and condition to be considered 5 



Total 100 



