320 



JUDGING FARM ANIMALS 



fair degree of prominence, while the hindquarter should 

 be lean and muscular, with very little twist, and the thighs 

 divided nearly if not quite to the vulva. A fleshy rump 

 and thigh is distinctively objectionable. Angularity of 

 form, or freedom from a tendency to lay on flesh is most 

 important. Classes of mature dairy bulls vary more in 

 type than occurs with any other farm animals, so that with 

 some breeds, notably the Guernsey and Holstein-Friesian, 



Pig. 181. — "The general form of the dairy bull is shown in length, depth 

 and angularity." (From photo Holstein Friesian bull, Sir Beets Cornu- 

 copia Netherland 3S460, owned by W. S. Moscript.) 



judges find individuals varying widely from accepted stan- 

 dards. Such mixtures furnish difficult work for the judge, 

 and unless he has a well-defined standard of type in mind, 

 he will be likely to render unsatisfactory decisions, both to 

 himself and to all others. In view of the fact that the 

 world over, among intelligent breeders, there is a recognized 

 relationship of form to function, then both breeders and 

 judges, of necessity, must place a premium on this relation- 

 ship, if breed improvement is to continue. 



