DUAL-PURPOSE BREEDS OF CATTLE 359 



but those of beef type make poor records. The milk tests 

 about 4% per cent fat, and is rated of excellent quality. 

 This is a very active breed, and has been highly regarded 

 in times past in the eastern United States for oxen. 



SCALE OF POINTS FOR DEVON CATTLE. 



(Adopted by the American Devon Cattle Club.) 



Bull. 



Points 

 Head — Masculine, full and broad, tapering toward the nose, which 

 should be flesh colored; nostrils high and open, muzzle broad; eyes 

 full and placid and surrounded with flesh-colored ring; ears of medium 

 size and thickness; horns medium s^ze, growing at right angles from 

 the head, or slightly elevated, waxy at the base, tipped with a darker 



shade 10 



Cheeks — Full and broad at root of tongue; throat clean 2 



Neck — Of medium length and muscular, widening from the head to the 



shoulders and strongly set on 4 



Shoulders — Fine, flat, sloping, and well fleshed; arms strong, with firm 



joints 6 



Chest — Deep, broad, and somewhat circular 10 



Eibs — Well sprung from the backbone, nicely arched, deep, with flanks 



fully developed 10 



Back — Straight and level from the withers to the setting on of the tail; 

 loin broad and full; hips and rump of medium width and on a level 



with the back 20 



Hindquarters — Deep, thick and square 12 



Tail — Well set on at a right angle with the back, tapering, with a switch 



of white or roan hair and reaching the hocks 2 



Legs — Short, straight and squarely placed when viewed from behind, not 



to cross or sweep in walking; hoof well formed 4 



Skin — Moderately thick and mellow, covered with an abundant coat of 

 rich hair of red color; no white spot admissible, unless around the 



purse 8 



Size — Minimum weight at three years of age 1,400 pounds 4 



General Appearance — As indicated by stylish and quick movement, form, 

 constitution, and vigor, and the underline as nearly as possible 

 parallel with the line of the back 8 



Total 100 



Cow. 



Head — Moderately long, with a broad indented forehead, tapering con- 

 siderably toward the nostrils; the nose of a flesh color, nostrils 

 high and open; the jaws clean; the eyes bright, lively and prominent 

 and surrounded by a flesh-colored ring; throat clean; ears thin; the 

 expression gentle and intelligent; horns matching, spreading, and 

 gracefully turned up, of a waxy color, tipped with a darker shade 8 



Neck — Upper line short, fine at head, widening and deep at withers and 



strongly set to the shoulders . . . ■ ^ 4 



Shoulder — Fine, flat and sloping, with strong arms and* firm joints . . . . 4 



Ohest — Deep, broad, and somewhat circular in character 8 



