40 
trict. Such records would undoubtedly show that in moving west- 
ward—in ascending and entering the elevated, treeless, and almost 
rainless plains—all of the records would be later. This, indeed, is in- 
timated by many of the records of vegetation in hand, and is known to 
be the case with birds. 
VIIL. This section (from latitude 42° to latitude 44°) includes south- 
ern Wisconsin, northern Iowa, southern Minnesota, and southern Dakota. 
The winter’s snow left this section about March 26, but ‘was quickly 
succeeded by a severe storm April 1, and by another on the 7th, 8th, and 
9th, while the frost kept returning and was heavy even as late as May 29. 
Ice broke in streams March 26, and in lakes about April 6. Grass 
started April 25, many flowers having already appeared; apple-blos- 
soms opened May 20; leaves started late (May 2), but grew rapidly, 
the foliage proper beginning May 15. Frogs appeared March 26; in- 
sects on the 31st, and snakes April 10, while toads were not recorded 
till April 26. 
JX. This section (from latitude 44° to latitude 46°) includes the cen- 
tral portions of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Dakota. The winter’s snow 
was all gone, except in sheltered localities, when the storms came the 
first week in April. Snow fell over the section April 6, and in most 
places also on the 7th. By April 10 the snow had all gone. Ice left 
the smaller streams March 26, and passed out of the Mississippi the 
30th. April 6 it disappeared from small lakes, but remained in the 
larger ones until April 13. Grass started in the west earlier than in 
the east. In Dakota it began to be seen April 7, but was a few days 
later in Wisconsin. The first leaves appeared May 10, so that here a 
larger part of the migration took piace among bare trees than in the 
more southern districts. A few flowers, principally the hardy anemone, 
or wind flower, were out April 10, but even by May 10 there were not 
many to be found. Frogs became musical April 4. Only two observa: 
tions were contributed on snakes, one in Minnesota April 2, and the 
other in Dakota May 3, giving little clue to the correct dates. <A sin- 
gle toad was reported April 4, and he must have been a very early in- 
dividual. Insects appeared April 3. 
X. This section (from latitude 46° to latitude 48°) includes the north- 
central portions of Minnesota and Dakota and the northern part of 
Wisconsin. The only note contributed is to the effect that the ice left 
the large lakes April 20. 
XI. This section (from latitude 48° to latitude 50°) includes northern 
Minnesota and Dakota and southern Manitoba. The only observations 
contributed relate to a few insects seen April 2, and to the revival of 
frogs April 15. 
From further north than this no notes were received except a single 
one, which stated that the ice passed out of Lake Winnipeg Junel. In 
addition to the observations above recorded, a few other data have been 
contributed. The “Gopher”* was first seen at latitude 39°, March 15; 
[* Spermophilus tridecemlineatus is here meant.—C. H. M.] 
