71 
thence northward. In the spring of 1884 they appeared at Gainesville, 
Tex., March 2; Manhattan, Kans., March 8; Saint Louis, March 11; 
and Heron Lake, Minn., March 24. At Waupaca, Wis., they were seen 
March 29, and at Vermillion, Dak., April 3. April 16 they were re- 
ported from Portage la Prairie, Manitoba. 
In the spring of 1885 the first were seen at Emporia, Kans., March 
18; at Heron Lake, Minn., March 30, where they were common the next 
day. They were reported from Laporte City and Emmetsburgh, Iowa, 
April 1; and from Menoken, Dak., and Ossowo, Manitoba, April 6 
and 7. In the fall of 1885 the last left Heron Lake, Minn., November 
27. Mr. Lloyd says that in Tom Green and Concho counties, Tex., 
they are tolerably common in early winter. 
148. Aythya marila nearctica Stejn. [614.] Blue-bill; Scaup Duck. 
After wintering in the Southern States, especially along the Gulf 
coast, the Big Black-head passes over the entire length of the Missis- 
sippi Valley, to nest in Manitoba and northward. In 1884 it was re- 
ported from Carlinville, Ill, February 13; Laporte City, Iowa, March 
22, and the next day reached Heron Lake, Minn., where afew remained 
to breed. It arrived at Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, April 16. 
In the spring of 1885 this was the only species of Duck whose record 
did not contain an irregular note. It was seen at Laporte City, Iowa, 
(lat. 42° 18’), March 27; Emmetsburgh, Iowa (lat. 43° 8’), March 30; 
Heron Lake, Minn. (lat. 43° 48’), April1; Huron, Dak., (lat. 449 21’, 
two observers), and Menoken, Dak. (lat. 46° 58’), April 3; and Shell 
River, Manitoba (lat. 50°), April 7. The most southern breeding record 
of this species was from Clear Lake, Iowa (lat. 43°26’). In the fall of 
1885 the last was seen at Heron Lake, Minn. (lat. 43° 18’), November 27. 
149. Aythya affinis (Fyt.) [615.] Litile Blue-bill; Lesser Scaup Duck. 
Range much the same as that of the last, but known to breed as far 
south as Clear Lake, Iowa. It is an abundant summer resident in 
western Manitoba. In 1884 it came to Saint Louis, February 26, and 
after being driven away by the cold, returned March 11; advanced to 
Burlington, Iowa, March 12, and on the 24th was reported from Ver- 
million, Dak., Storm Lake, Iowa, Heron Lake, Minn., and Portage la 
Prairie, Manitoba. 
In the fall of 1884 the first migrant appeared at Emporia, Kans., 
November 8. 
In the spring of 1885 the notes on its migration were too irregular to 
be of any value. In the fall of 1885 the last was seen at Heron Lake, 
Minn., November 9. The first migrant appeared at Saint Louis, Mo., 
September 22. In western Texas it is tolerably common in winter. 
150. Aythya collaris (Donov.). [616.] Ring-necked Duck. 
This is known in northern Minnesota as the “Fall Duck,” and is very 
abundant during fall migration. A few breed in Minnesota, at least as 
