75 
October 3. It was common at Argusville, October 4, and at Bonham 
October 23. 
169a. Chen hyperborea nivalis (Forst.). [591,] Greater Snow Goose. 
The eastern representative of the preceding ; occurs in winter chiefly 
along the Atlantic coast, but sometimes enters the Mississippi Valley. 
In western Manitoba it was reported to be an abundant spring migrant, 
but less common in the fall (Thompson). Possibly the foregoing was 
mnistaken for it. 
171a. Anser albifrons gambeli (Hartl.). [593a.] Whéite-fronted Goose. 
Breeds in the far North; winters in the Gulf States and southward, 
in mild winters occurring as far north as southern Illinois. Migratory 
over the rest of the Mississippi Valley. In 1884 the first reached Man- 
hattan, Kans., March 8, where they were common March 15. March 
20 they arrived at Saint Louis; and April 1 at Vermillion, Dak. The 
bulk came to Storm Lake, Iowa, April 14. 
In the spring of 1885 the first report of arrival was from Des Moines, 
Iowa, April 1. The only other notes were from Menoken, Dak., April 
23, and Ossowo, Manitoba, May 11. In the fall of 1885 the last was 
seen at Heron Lake, Minti., November 2. 
Dr. Agersborg says that in southeastern Dakota it is a rare migrant, 
“always found associating with the Snow Geese.” Mr. Lloyd states 
that in Tom Green and Concho counties, Tex., it is “tolerably common 
in winter.” Mr. Nehrling states that in eastern Texas, near Houston, 
it “is the first Goose to arrive from the North in autumn, but they all 
migrate further south.” 
172. Branta canadensis (Linn.). [594.] Canada Goose. 
Winters in the southern half of the United States, and breeds on both 
sides of our northern boundary. It breeds regularly at Heron Lake, 
Minn., and has been known to breed in southern Illinois (Nelson). Such 
‘is a brief statement of its range, but the records in the winter of 1883-84 
furnish material for a more detailed statement. During December 
Geese were not uncommon up to latitude 38°, but during the extreme 
cold of January only stragglers could be found north of latitude 35°. 
January 11 a flock of 25 to 30 was seen at Vermillion, Dak., where 
they had never before been seen in winter. January 4 a flock of fifty 
passed over Manhattan, Kans., flying east. From Caddo, Ind. Ter., 
southward they were seen all winter, or at least every few days. The 
first movement took place in January. January 11 they passed over 
Yazoo City, Miss., flying north, and when the warm waves came the 
last of the month they pressed rapidly forward. They reached Saint 
Louis January 22. January 25 was a great day for Geese, many troops 
going north. February 1 they passed north over Pierce City, Mo., in 
large flocks, and arrived at Glasgow, Mo., Odin, Ill., and Unadilla, 
Nebr. February 4 the first movement was noticed at Abbeville, La., 
