100 
mon north to latitude 35°; and only occasional up to southern Illinois, 
In Texas it does not ordinarily winter north of latitude 33°. This is the 
first plover to move northward, asually keeping but a few days behind 
the Ducks, Blackbirds, and Robins. In the spring of 1884 Killdeer com- 
menced their journey as usual in the latter part of February, but did 
not make much progress during that month. <A single one was seen at 
Caddo, Ind. Ter., February 22, but it was a week later before the general 
advance began. At San Angelo, Tex., Mr. Lloyd’s report states: “ Al- 
though many stay here all winter, they have been arriving in great 
numbers since March 1, and will breed in a week or so.” Fresh eggs 
were found at Eagle Pass, Tex., March 18, and at San Angelo from 
March 9 to June 24. This wave of March 1 reached Gainesville, Tex., 
and Caddo, Ind. Ter., March 5 and 6, making the species quite common; 
but the bulk did not arrive until March 11, by which time the first had 
traveled to Saint Louis, Mo.; Odin, Il.; Ellis, Kans.; and Manhattan, 
Kans. Here then we have the van of migration stretching in an almost 
straight line due east and west for 700 miles. The northern limit of the 
area over which the Kildeer wintered is a line curving southward as it 
passes to the west, but the first spring wave started earlier in the West 
than near the Mississippi, and by March 11 they were even all along the 
line. From here the advance in Illinois took place March 13, and a cor- 
responding advance in lowa March 16 to latitude 42°. March 23 and 
24 there was an advance all along the line to latitude 43° 47’ in eastern 
Wisconsin; to latitude 45° in Minnesota and western Wisconsin near 
the Mississippi ; to latitude 43° 48’ in western Minnesota, and up the Mis- 
souri river to latitude 42° 56’ in Dakota. Continuing northward in the 
West, they were observed at latitude 44° 21/ in Dakota on March 27, and 
April 14, had passed on up the Missouri to Menoken, Dak., latitude 
46° 58’. April 23 they were at Portage la Prairie, Manitoba. 
In the fall of 1884 the last Kildeer teft Des Moines, Iowa, August 15. 
At Mount Carmel, Mo., the first migrant was seen August 30, and the 
last October 1. 
In the spring of 1885 the record began with two irregular occurrences: 
February 28 it was reported from Richmond, Kans., and Odin, III. 
The regular advance was as follows: Corinth, Miss., March 1; Saint 
Louis, Mo., and Ellsworth, Kans., March 2; Shawneetown, IIl., March 
4; Paris, Il., March 5; Glasgow, Mo., March 10; Unadilla, Nebr., 
March 11; Ferry, Iowa, March 12, And on March 14 it appeared at 
Des Moines, Laporte City (two observers) and Newton, lowa, and at 
Tampico (two observers) and Hennepin, Ill. From March 25 to 26 a 
slight advance was made to Batavia, Iil., Delavan, Wis., and Emmets- 
burgh, Iowa. March31 and April 1 the Kildeer, with thousands of other 
birds, made a long journey, appearing at Clinton, Milwaukee, Lake 
Mills, Leeds Centre, New Cassel, and New Richmond, Wis.; Heron 
Lake, Minn., and Huron, Dak. (two observers). It was reported April 
4 at Argusville, Dak., and April 17 at Oak Point, Manitoba. 
