127 
22 and 23, when the species suddenly spread from latitude 39° to lati- 
tude 419 38! i in Iowa, and latitude 41° 36’ in Illinois, with an adven- 
turous bird at latitude 42° 18’ in Iowa and another at latitude 43° 43/ in 
Minnesota, which latter was reported to have been seen at intervals all 
winter. By April 6 the van had reached latitude 44° 47’ in Minnesota, 
and latitude 44° 22! in Wisconsin. April 14 they were recorded from 
Elk River, Minn. (latitude 45° 25’); April 20 from Frazee City, Minn. 
(latitude 46° 33’), and May 5 from Portage la Prairie, Manitoba. Inthe 
West, as usual, they were later. At Gainesville, Tex., the first was 
heard March 17, and at Manhattan, Kans., two days later. At Ellis, 
Kans., none were seen until April3; and April 21 they came to Ver- 
million, Dak. 
In the fall of 1884 the bulk of the Kingfishers left Williamstown, 
Iowa, August 28, and the last on the same day. At Des Moines, lowa, 
the last was seen September 17, and at Mount Carmel, Mo., October 12. 
At Lanesboro, Minn., a Kingfisher was seen December 5. 
In the spring of 1885 the first noted in migration was seen at Paris, 
Ill., March 5, the next at Shawneetown, Ill., March 12; the next at Glas- 
gow, Mo., and the next March 26, at apart City, iowa, and at Mount 
Carmel, Mo. During the rest of March arrivals were noted from Man- 
hattan, Kans.; Emporia, Kans.; Hennepin, Ill.; Saint Louis, Mo.; and 
Grinnell, lowa. During the first two days of April they appeared at 
Peoria, Ill.; Knoxville, lowa; Iowa City, Iowa; Aledo, Il.; Tampico, 
Ill., and Lanesboro, Minn. From April 4 to April 6 they were reported 
from Fernwood, Jll.; Milwaukee, Wis.; Durand, Wis.; Hastings, Minn.; 
and Elk River, Minn. They reached Luck, Wis. .» April 24, and Shell 
River, Manitoba, May 1. 
In the fall of 1885, at Elk River, Minn., the last was seen September 
16; at River Falls, Wis, October 9; at Des Moines, Iowa, October 24; 
while at Lanesboro, Minn., near a rapid stream, which is very late in 
freezing, they were still present, November 30. 
391. Ceryle cabanisi (Tschud.). [383.] Texas Kingfisher. 
As its name implies, this bird inhabits Texas, though the center of 
its distribution is in tropical America. Mr. Lloyd says he has found it 
in Nueces and Frio Cafions, in Edwards county, but not further north. 
Mr. Henry recorded it as a rare summer resident in Mason county, a 
few miles northeast of Edwards county. In April, 1878, its eggs were 
taken in Comal county, Tex., by Mr. W. H. Werner (Bull. Nutt. Ornith. 
Club, Vol. IV, 1879, pp. 79, 80). It is probably resident throughout its 
range. 
392. Campephilus principalis (Linn.). [359.] Ivory-billed Woodpecker. 
This is the largest Woodpecker of the Mississippi Valley, to the 
southern part of which it is limited, as far as our district is concerned. 
It is a resident wherever found. Ridgway says it was formerly resident 
in southern Illinois, but is now extinct in most parts of that State. At 
