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May 1; Fernwood, II]., and Des Moines, Iowa, May 2; Rockford, IIl., 
May 3; Luck, Wis., May 4; Aledo, Ill., and Ripon, Wis., May 5; Ba- 
tavia, Ill., and Rochester, Minn., May 10; New Cassel, Wis., May 13; 
Leeds Centre, Wis., and Waukon, Iowa, May 14; Ames, Iowa, and Elk 
River, Minn, May 15; River Falls, Wis., May 18. It was given as a 
very rare visitant near San Angelo, Tex., where one was shot in 
August, 1885. In the fall of 1885 the last at Elk River, Minn., was 
seen September 4; at River Falls, Wis., September 21; at Grinnell, 
Iowa, August 15; at Des Moines, Iowa, September 15; at Fernwood, 
Ill, September 26; and at Iowa City, Iowa, October 30. Many migrants 
were seen at Saint Louis, Mo., October 10, all going southeast. 
408. Melanerpes torquatus (Wils.), [376.] Lewis’s Woodpecker. 
A western Woodpecker, rare in our district. It has been taken by 
Dr. Watson at Ellis, Kans., and is known to breed in the Black Hills 
of Dakota (Grinnell). In the fall of 1884 Mr. Lloyd added this spe- 
cies to the list of Texas birds. He says: ‘‘Two were here (near San 
Angelo) before Christmas, and four arrived after our bad Christmas 
norther.” More recently Mr. Lloyd records it as a “ winter visitor,” 
tolerably common on Spring Creek. 
409. Melanerpes carolinus (Linn.). [372.] Led-bellied Woodpecker. 
South of latitude 35° in the Mississippi Valley the Red-bellied Wood- 
pecker is an abundant resident; north of this latitude for about five 
degrees it is less common, but still resident; and from latitude 409° 
northward to the limit of its range itis more or less migratory. Ju 
Kansas it is an abundant resident (Goss). Mr. Peck writes from La 
Porte, Iowa (latitude 42° 18’), that a few breed, but that most of them 
migrate northward. Where they go isamystery. None of the sta- 
tions in northern Iowa reported the bird, and it is unknown in Minne. 
sota. Years ago Mr. Trippe made the same observation, namely, that 
“during the winter it is exceedingly abundant in southern Iowa, from 
which section great numbers migrate on the approach of spring.” In 
Nebraska, Prof. Aughey says they are rarely seen north of the Platte, 
and Dr. Agersborg states that itis a rare summer visitor in south- 
eastern Dakota. In northern Illinois, Mr. Kline marks it as a rare 
resident, and I have found it a rare summer bird at Ripon, Wis., 
but am not aware of its occurrence there in winter. As Ripon is north 
of the southern boundary of Minnesota, it is probable the species will 
yet be found inthat State. Dr. Hoy reported it from Racine, Wis., 
March 26, 1884. In central Texas, on the main Concho River, it is 
tolerably common in winter (Lloyd). 
410. Melanerpes aurifrons (Wagl.). [373.] Golden-fronted Woodpecker. 
Occurs in our district in Texas only. In the valley of the Lower Rio 
Grande it is an abundant resident. It was reported from Tom Green 
and Concho Counties, by Mr. Lloyd, who states that it is an abundant 
resident. He says it occurs west to the Castle Mountains, near Pecos 
