147 
without the Whippoorwill, were reported by two stations; the other 
two without the Kingbird by six stations, and one station reported the 
Kingbird and Whippoorwill without the Brown Thrasher. At two 
stations all three were seen. Now what conclusions can be drawn from 
these facts? It is evident that the peculiarity of the records must be 
due to irregularity of migration or to irregular or incomplete observa- 
tion, and it is probable that both causes affect the result. These rec- 
ords show also how necessary itis, in studying migration, to have notes 
from a large number of stations. The seven of the above mentioned 
stations which did not report the Kingbird by April 23 recorded its 
arrival the following number of days afterwards, namely, one, fourteen, 
nine, six, eight, four, and twenty days, respectively. 
Returning again to the regular migration of the Kingbird, the records 
show that it was seen at Odin, Ill., April 19; the next day at Saint 
Louis and Glasgow, Mo.; April 21 at Mount Carmel, Mo., and Manhattan, 
Kans.; April 22 and 23 at Paris and Hennepin, IIl., and Ferry, Coral- 
ville, Knoxville, and La Porte City, Iowa. 
Although this same warm wave carried the Whippoorwill and the 
Brown Thrasher a full hundred miles farther north than any of these 
stations, no further advance of the Kingbird was noted during the rest 
of the month. Its advance from the region where the last wave left it 
to latitude 45° seems to have taken place in two separate flights, about 
a week apart, both passing over the same country. And since the in- 
terval between these two flights was occupied by snow-storms and 
freezing weather, it may be inferred that the advance-guard of King- 
birds had encountered the cold wave, which delayed the arrival of any 
other detachments until the weather moderated. The stations visited 
by the scouts on May 4 and 5 were Batavia, Ill., Delavan, Wis. (where 
it was first seen May 1), Stoughton, Wis., Lake Mills, Wis., New Cassel, 
Wis., Rochester, Minn., Excelsior, Minn. (first seen May 2), and Min. 
neapolis, Minn. The second detachment was noted from May 11 to 13 
at Batavia, Ill. (common); Rockford, Il. (common); Lake Mills, Wis- 
(bulk arrived); Leeds Centre, Wis. (first); Ripon, Wis. (first); River 
Falls, Wis. (first); Ames, Iowa (first); Williamstown, Iowa (first) ; 
Waukon, Iowa (first); Lanesboro, Minn. (first); Heron Lake, Minn. 
(first); Lake City, Minn. (first), and Huron, Dak. (first). The first at 
Elk River, Minn., was seen May 14; at New Richmond, Wis. May 15; 
at Menoken, Dak., May 17; Two Rivers, Manitoba, and Oak Point, 
Manitoba, May 21. The two notes from Nebraska (Unadilla April 27 
and Linwood May 2) agreed very well with records from both Kansas 
and Dakota. 
In the fall of 1885 the last Kingbird was reported from Elk River, 
Minn., September 1; Grinnell, lowa, August 4; Saint Louis, Mo., 
August 18; Mount Carmel, Mo., September 17; and Bonham, Tex., 
October 17. In Concho and Tom Green Counties, Tex., it is a rather 
rare fall visitant, . 
