165 
vance of April 1. They were reported from Linwood, Nebr., March 31; 
Grand View, Dak, April 10; Huron, Dak., April 12; Two Rivers, Man- 
itoba, April 16; and Oak Point, Manitoba, April 18, 
In the fall of 1885 the last was reported from Green Bay, Wis., Sep- 
tember 23; Iowa City, Iowa, October 15; Fayette, Mo., October 20; 
and Mount Carmel, Mo., November 15. Stragglers were seen at Grin- 
nell, Iowa, as late as November 21, and at Lanesboro, Minn., Novem- 
ber 4. At Saint Louis, Mo., several large flocks were seen October 5; 
the height of migration was reached October 11, and many flocks went 
south November 8 and 12. 
The breeding habits of the Red-wings are well known. They remain 
to nest in favorable localities throughout Missouri and eastern Kansas. 
Probably not a few breed in Indian Territory. At Saint Louis males 
and females were together at breeding stands April 30 (1884), and the 
last flock of females passed northward May 11. 
501. Sturnella magna (Linn.). [263.] Meadowlark, 
The eastern Meadow lark is a common and well known bird from the 
Mississippi eastward; west of the Mississippi it is found with the 
western Meadow-lark (8. neglecta) as far as the edge of the Plains, be- 
yond.which it is almost entirely replaced by that species. In south- 
eastern Dakota Dr. Agersborg says the eastern form does not occur; 
in Kansas it is common in the vicinity of Lawrence and Topeka; but 
at Manhattan, 50 miles farther west, it is almost replaced by S. neglecta. 
The winter quarters of the eastern Meadowlark do not seem to be 
well defined. Apparently it is abundant in the lower valley of the Mis- 
sissippi, wherever there are suitable meadows sheltered from the ex- 
treme cold; but it seldom winters here so far north as it does in the 
Atlantic region. In going westward from the shelter of timber-belts it 
seems to retire farther southward. Thus, in Illinois it is common in 
sheltered localities as far north as latitude 40°, while farther west, on 
the Plains, except in favorable seasons, it retires farther southward, 
being rare north of latitude 38° in Kansas and Missouri. It is com- 
mon in winter near Fort Brown, in the valley of the Lower Rio Grande 
(Merrill). In 1884 sixty-two Sbsenvers in the Mississippi Valley sent 
notes concerning this bird. At Hagle Pass, Tex., on the Rio Grande, 
it was reported as plentiful all winter. At San hawely, Tex., it was 
reported as resident and abundant in winter. The Nueces Caiion is 
the winter home of countless myriads. At Mermenton, La., near the 
Gulf coast, they are resident and much more abundant in winter 
than insummer. At Caddo, Ind. Ter., they are resident, but not so com- 
mon as 8. neglecta. At Darlington, Ind. Ter., some remained throughout 
the winter of 188384, At Linwood, Nebr., one was seen February 16. 
It may have remained there all winter or have been an adventurous 
scout of the army that moved from winter quarters in Texas about this 
time. At Odin, Ill, they were common February 2, in small flocks, 
At Danville, Ill., they were reported as resident. 
