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Dakota dates, but not particularly early when compared with the dates 
from the region close to the Mississippi—it might be inferred that, in 
many species at least, the line of migration is from central Minnesota 
north and a little westward to the valley of the Red River, but not 
_ across it, and that they follow this valley, reaching Manitoba in advance 
of those that have come by way of the Plains or the valley of the Mis- 
souri River. 
The bulk of Purple Grackles arrived at about latitude 40° previous 
to March 19, most of the advance occurring on the 12th and 13th. Dur- 
ing the rest of the month, before the advance was stopped by the snow, 
the species occupied two more degrees of latitude (to 42°), and by the 
second week in April it had reached latitude 45°. March 22 was a 
special day for the movement of bulk, which may account for the great 
number of firsts recorded March 23 and March 24. 
In the fall of 1884 the bulk of Bronzed Grackles left Elk River, Minn., 
November 1, and the last was seen November 3; the bulk left Des 
Moines, Iowa, November 8, and the last was seen November 10. At 
Mount VUarmel, Mo., they were present in large flocks (100 to 200) for the 
first three days of August; they disappeared after August 15; re-ap- 
peared in flocks September 14; and five or six were seen December 5. 
In the winter of 188485 a few Grackles remained north of their 
usual winter rairge. One was seen all winter at Hennepin, Ill.; and 
at Paris, Ill., a female remained through alf the cold season, feeding at 
a spring near the house of Mr. Balmer. At Mount Carmel, Mo., one 
was seen February 4, which had probably wintered near there, since 
no more were seen for a month. In studying the notes on the migra- 
tion of this species many difficulties are encourtered.- Two distinct sets 
of notes were contributed from the region between latitude 38° and 
latitude 44°. As they do uot harmonize any better by supposing that 
the Rusty Grackle had been confounded with the Bronzed in the east, 
or the Brewer’s mistaken for it in the west, we can but give the two 
sets and let each reader draw his owninferences. The Bronzed Grackle, 
under the various names of Purple Grackle, Crow Blackbird, and a 
variety of Latin names, was reported as having been seen at Mount 
Carmel, Mo., March 2; Fayette, Mo., March 6; Glasgow, Mo., March 
10; Grinnell, Iowa, March 9; Knoxville, Iowa, March 10; Unadilla, 
Nebr., March 11; Linwood, Nebr., March 10; Bonham, Tex., March 
6; Gainesville, Tex., March 14; and Emporia, Kans., March 23. 
East of the Mississippi it was seen at Canton, Miss., February 24; 
Shawneetown, Ill., March 3; Paris, Ill., March5; Aledo, IIL, March 
6; Hennepin, Ill, March 13; Fernwood, Il., March 14; Clinton, Wis., 
March 27; Lake City, Minn., March 26; New Richmond and Luck, Wis., 
April 3. Then, going right over the same ground again, we have a 
second series of notes. At Saint Louis, Mo., a few scattered Grackles 
were seen March 27; they were the first seen. Regular migration set 
in at 5 p.m., March 29. The same date the first was seen at Peoria, III. 
