183 
quite abundant at Lanesboro, Minn., January 1, 1885, and were common 
at Minneapolis, Minn., during January. They left this latter place in 
February and did not return until March 29. 
In the spring of 1885 the records were very irregular, doubtless be- 
cause of the erratic movements of the birds. Few, if any, remained 
during the entire winter north of latitude 39°; and though they began 
to move from place to place early in March, the bulk of their migration 
was performed in May. They reached Shell River, Manitoba, May 24. 
The whole record from Saint Louis is as follows: 
March 3, first, five in plain dress, silent; March 4, another party of six; March 5, 
a very large flock in the lowlands of Illinois, opposite Saint Louis; March 11, a few 
in much brighter colors and musical; April 10, still very scarce; only twice met 
since March 11; April 20 and 21, increasing, flocks of males in high dress; April 22, 
bulk arrived of both males and females; April 29, height of the season, large flocks; 
May 4, the bulk of transients departs; May 5, summer residents are scattering and 
mating. 
In the fall of 1885 the records of “lasts” were: Green Bay, Wis., 
November 2; Milwaukee, Wis., November 26; and Mount Carmel, Mo., 
December 12. At Saint Louis, Mo., the bulk was still present October 
10. At Gainesville, Tex., the first was seen August 7. 
530. Spinus psaltria (Say). [182.] Green-backed Goldfinch; Arkansas Goldfinch. 
The range of this western species within our district is limited to 
western Texas. It was only noted by Mr. Lloyd, who states that at 
San Angelo, Tex., it is a rare fall migrant. 
530 a. Spinus psaltria arizonze (Coues). [182a.] Arizona Goldfinch. 
+ An inhabitant of northern Mexico, Arizona, and Texas, 
530b. Spinus psaltria mexicanus (Sw.). [182b.] Mexican Goldfinch. 
More than forty years ago Giraud claimed to have found this species 
in Texas. This record has been questioned, but its trustworthiness 
has been recently established by the Rev. Ira B. Henry, who re-discov- 
ered the species at, Mason, Tex., where it is a rather common summer 
resident. A specimen sent to the Smithsonian Institution was pro- 
nounced to agree very closely with Girand’s type as undoubtedly mezx- 
icanus. 
533. Spinus pinus (Wils.). [185.] Pine Siskin; Pine Goldfinch. 
In Forest and Stream of December 7, 1382, Dr. Coues made the 
following statement concerning the habitat of this species : 
They breed throughout the British Provinces, northern Maine, New Hampshire, 
Vermont, New York, Michigan, and thence to Washington Territory in all the ever- 
green forests, and also breed in the Alpine regions of Oregon, California, Utah, Ne- 
vada, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, and New and Old Mexico. Some 
individuals may be found the year through in their summer abodes, while others 
spread in winter over all the United States in suitable places, unless the South At- 
lantic and Gulf States are to be excepted. 
During the winter and spring of 1883-84 and 188135 they were 
observed at odd times at several of the stations, but their movements 
