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had left, apparently, April 30, but a single bird was seen May 3. Dur- 
ing the winter it was found, though in smaller numbers, at Heron Lake 
and Lanesboro, Minn. February 23 and February 24 the first pro- 
nounced general movement was felt at Saint Louis and Lanesboro; but 
while it was a wave of departure at Saint Louis it was one of arrival at 
Lanesboro. This movement does not seem to have extended farther 
north than Lanesboro, and in many places probably the relative num- 
ber of birds was left undisturbed. The first arrival at Waupaca, Wis., 
was noted March 24, at which time the species was exceedingly abun- 
dant at Iowa City and Lanesboro. By March 29 it had become abun- 
dant at Minneapolis and Elk River, Minn, where it arrived in large 
numbers on that and the preceding day. April 1 it arrived at West 
De Pere and Green Bay, Wis., and April 2 it reached Frazee City, Minn. 
It was noted at Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, April 15. At Milwaukce 
it did not appear in large numbers before April 26, ten days after the 
bulk had left Des Moines, Iowa. At West De Pere, Wis., it remained 
abundant until May 6. 
In winter the center of abundance is along latitude 39°, south of which 
it reaches to latitude 34°, being found but rarely in the Gulf States 
east of Texas. Caddo, Ind. Ter. (lat. $4° 11’), is about as far south as 
the species winters in any numbers. 
In the fall of 1884 the first Tree Sparrow appeared at Elk River, 
Minn., October 9; while the first was not reported from Hastings, Minn., 
until November 30. At Elk River the balk arrived October 13 and left 
November 1. The first was reported from Des Moines, Iowa, Novem- 
ber 15, and from Mount Carmel, Mo., November 13. The bulk arrived at. 
Mount Carmel November 11. There can be no doubt about the cold- 
enduring powers of this bird. At White Earth, Minn. (lat. 47° 01’), on 
New Year’s Day, 1885, a tlock came around the house seemingly in ex- 
cellent health and spirits, though the mercury indicated thirty-five 
degrees below zero. There was uo other record of its wintering north 
of latitude 44°, Many were seen at Lanesboro, Miun., February 6. 
In the spring of 1885 the bulk of migration took place in the ten days 
from March 380 to April 3, but the records were too irregular to admit of 
tracing the movements of the van. The first was seen at Elk River, 
Minn., April 2, and at Shell River, Manitoba, April 10. At Saint Louis, 
Mo., tho Jast was seen April 2; at Grinnell, lowa, April 5; Waukon, 
lowes April 9; Manhattan, Tears, , April 12; New Richmond, Wis. » April 
18; Huron, Dak. , April 18; Lanesboro, Minn. , April 24; and Elk River, 
Minn. 5 May 11. "The Tree Sparrow is not Inown to breed south of our 
northern boundary. In the fall of 1835 the first returned to River F Falls, 
Wis., October 17; Lanesboro, Minn., October 18; Grinuell, Iowa, Octo. 
ber 27; Des Moines, Iowa, October 29; and Saint Louis, Mo., Novem- 
ber 12, 
559a. Spizella monticola ochracea Brewst. [210, part.] Western Tree Sparrow. 
The Western Tree Sparrow breeds in Alaska and migrates over west- 
