202 
winters abundantly in Pecos County. Mr. Ragsdale took a single spec- 
imen at Gainesville, Tex., during the spring of 1884. 
563. Spizella pusilla (Wilson). (214.] Field Sparrow. : 
The Field Sparrow breeds from Indian Territory and southern Ili- 
nois northward nearly to the boundary, and occurs rarely in Manitoba. 
It has been taken in summer in central Mississippi, and may yet be 
found to breed far south. In eastern Kansas it is a common summer 
resident (Goss). It may be called one of the “half-hardy” Sparrows. 
It easily endures the winters as far north as southern Illinois, and is 
common from Illinois southward, but does not undertake to expose it- 
self to the rigors of a real northern winter. In the winter of 1883~84, 
at Caddo, Ind. Ter., it was one of the common winter residents, in com- 
pany with Tree and White-throated Sparrows, and the first of the tran- 
sients came February 20 to February 23. At Gainesville, Tex, it was 
marked as abundant February 26: In Ccncho County, Tex., it is 
tolerably common in fall and rare in winter (Lloyd); and in eastern 
Texas, vear Houston, it is not uncommon in witter (Nehrling). 
In the spring of 1884 a single male was seen at Saint Louis February 
19, but no more for a month. Real migration seems to bave begun 
about the middle of March, and March 17 it was seen at Saint Louis, 
Mo., and Griggsville, Ill. It was recorded from southern Iowa April 1, 
and reached the northern part April 5. The most nortuern record was 
from Lanesboro, Minn., April 14. On the plains the migration was 
later. Manhattan, Kans., and Vermillion, Dak., reported it April 21 
and April 22, but Professor Lantz says it was not common at Manhattan 
until May 1. 
In the fall of 1884 the bulk of Field Sparrows left Mount Carmel, 
Mo., October 7, and the last was seen October 22. 
In the spring of 1885 a very early bird was seen at Saint Louis, Mo., 
March 2; the first came to Pierce City, Mo., March 8; and the second 
appeared at Saint Louis, March 10. At Manhattan, Kaus., the first 
was seen March 26. The bulk came to Saint Lovis, March CO and 
March 31. April 4 and April 5 it was recorded from Mount Carmel, 
Mo.; Grinnell, Iowa; Newton, lowa; Waukon, lowa; and New Cassel, 
Wis. As in 1884, so in 1885, its most northern record was Lanesboro, 
Minn., where it was seen April 18. It has been known, however, to 
range in Wisconsin to latitude 44° 30’. 
In the fall of 1885 the last at Grinnell, Iowa, was seen September 28; 
at Iowa City, Iowa, October 15; and at Mount Carmel, Mo., November 
2. AtSaint Louis, Mo., wany were seen in flocks October 5; they had 
decreased October 20; the bulk left November 11, aud the last was seen 
November 12. At Bonham, Tex.,the first was seen October 16, and by 
October 19 they had become common. 
563 a. Spizella arenacea (Chadbourne). [——] Western Field Sparrow. 
This new Sparrow was described by Mr, Arthur P. Chadbourne from 
