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the winter in the United States. Mr. Edwards says that he does not 
think it occurs in southern Louisiana in winter proper, unless perhaps 
during protracted periods of warm weather, which sometimes occur in 
December. Most other writers say decidedly that all leave the United 
States in cold weather. Certain it is that none remained in the Mis- ' 
sissippi Valley in the winter of 1883-84. They crossed our border the 
last week in February, but seem to have been few and scattered. The 
first was noted at Water Valley, Miss., March 1, and March 5 a few 
were seen at Gainesville, Tex., and Caddo, Ind. Ter., but no more fol- 
lowed for some days, and on this date they were marked at Abbeville, 
La., as still remaining in the same numbers as when they arrived ten days 
before. March 9 the first male appeared at Rodney, Miss., and was 
followed ten days later by the first female. By March 11, they returned 
to Caddo, Ind. Ter.; were seen at Newport, Ark., and also at Waverly, 
Miss. Still, all these were merely scouts, and it was not until March 
13 and March 14 that the species become common in the Gulf States. 
On these days they were marked as numerous at Eagle Pass, Tex., and 
as arriving more plentifully at Abbeville, La., and beginning to sing a 
little. March 21 this regular advance moved to southern Missouri, at 
latitude 36° 56’ and latitude 37° 08’, and March 24 to Saint Louis. The 
next day it was noticed at Griggsville, Ili, and Manhattan, Kans. 
March 26, more came to Manhattan, and on the same date it was 
reported from latitude 39°09’ and latitude 39°14’, in Missouri, and 
an irregular scout moved to Tampico, Ill. (lat. 41936’). March 30 
and April 1 a small company invaded southeastern Iowa, appearing 
at four stations, and April 3 some of them even reached latitude 41° 42’, 
in Iowa, and letitude 43° 43’, in Minnesota, but this was their last effort 
before the April storms drove them southward. We find no records from 
April 3to April 10. On this latter date they began moving northward, 
being seen at places in the rear of the position of the van of April 1. 
About Apri! 14 the advance was fairly under way and had proceeded 
northward through the rest of Iowa to latitude 43° 43’ in southern Min- 
nesota, and through northern Dlinois to latitude 43° 06’ in Wisconsin, 
with a scout north in Wisconsin to latitude 449 30’. April 16 marked 
an advance to latitude 44° 26’, in Minnesota; April 17 to latitude 44° 
52’ and latitude 45°; and April 18 to latitude 45° 25’. Then came a 
long pause, and it was not until after May 1 that any more movements 
were recorded. May 3 the species appeared at latitude 46° 33/ in Min- 
nesota, and latitude 47° 52’ in Dakota, though it is probable that the 
former of these dates is later than the normal. May 19 they were seen 
at Portage La Prairie, Manitoba, and May 23 at Oak Point, Manitoba. 
Mr. Small, the observer at Oak Point, says that they were the first he 
ever saw there. It is probable that in the line of migration from New 
Orleans to Lake Winnepeg almost the entire migration tock place dur- 
ing the following twelve nights: March 10, 20, 25, 27; April 11, 12, 13, 17; 
May 3, 9,17, and 19. The distance is 1,440 miles, hence the average 
