226 
season, passed up the Mississippi Valley during the last two days of 
March, and the first day of April. During these three days the arrival 
of Martins was noted at Pierce City, Mo.; Reeds, Mo.; St. Louis, 
Mo.; Glasgow, Mo.; Richmond, Kans.; Manhattan, Kans.; Shawnee- 
town, Ill. (two observers); Paris, Ill.; Peoria, Il.; Tampico, IIL ; Chi- 
cago, Ill.; Milwaukee, Wis.; Knoxville, Iowa; Iowa City, Iowa, and 
Unadilla, Nebr. A slight pause followed (on April 2 and 3), but the on- 
ward move began again April 4, and by April 5 Martins were reported 
from Morning Sun, Iowa; Ferry, Iowa; Des Moines, Iowa; New- 
ton, Iowa; Laporte City, Iowa; Waukon, Iowa; Rochester, 
Minn.; Lake City, Minn.; Hastings, Minn.; Milwaukee, Wis.; Lake 
Mills, Wis.; and New Richmond, Wis. The boundaries of this move- 
ment are pretty clearly defined by the records. It was most pronounced 
close to the Mississippi River, where it reached the farthest north. The 
northern boundary of the area affected by this wave runs northwest- 
ward from latitude 43° on Lake Michigan, to latitude 45° on the Mis- 
sissippi River, and then southwestward to latitude 41° on the Missouri 
River. New Cassel and Green Bay, in central Wisconsin, were-reached 
April 9, but there was no record of a corresponding advance in the 
Missouri Valley until April 20, when Huron, Dak., was reached. At 
this time the Martins had passed up the Mississippi River to Minneap- 
olis and Elk River, Minn., and on this day (April 20) three pairs ap- 
peared at Detroit, Minn. No further advance was recorded for nearly 
a month. Not until May 13 were any seen at Argusville, Dak. They 
reached Oak Point, Manitoba, May 17. No material was received from 
which the movements of the bulk could be learned. The full record 
from Saint Louis, Mo., is as follows: 
March 30 the first, 2 male, arrived at 7.40 a. m.; at 8.14 a. m. two males passed 
north; 9.25 a. m. another followed, and 5.30 p. m.a party of ten passed, going north. 
March 31, an increase of summer sojourners; nine were seen at one time in the air; 
the first female arrived, and two males selected the boxes which were to be their sam- 
mer homes; April 1 three pairs and one male took boxes; April 2, further increase; 
twelve Martins took boxes; April 7 the above number was increased to fourteen; 
April 14 twenty took boxes; April 15 twenty-four took boxes; April 20 thirty took 
boxes; April 30 thirty-seven took boxes and nest-building began; May 13, young 
pairs (birds one year old) began nest-building; May 15, young pairs were still in- 
creasing. 
In the fall of 1885 great numbers of Martins were present at Saint Louis, Mo., Au- 
gust 9 in the evening; they were also numerous August 12 and 13; August 14 their 
numbers had decreased only to be re-inforced August 17. The bulk had gone August 
26, and but few went to roost. The last great wave of the migration passed during 
September 8 and 9, and none were seen after September 11. 
The remainder of the fall notes record the departure of the last from 
Fernwood, Ill., August 29; Fayette, Mo., August 25; Mount Carmel, 
Mo., August 9; Shawneetown, Ill, August 13; and from Bonham, 
Tex., August 20. It is probable that these early dates of leaving apply 
to the summer residents, and that the observers were so situated that 
they did not happen to note the last passing migrants. 
