262 
In the fall of 1885 the first reappeared at Saint Louis, Mo., Septem- 
ber 3; they were scarce September 17, and the last left September 22. 
Mr. Lloyd says it is an abufidant migrant “‘all over western Texas from 
April 2 to May 15, and from September 3 to 30.” 
686. Sylvania canadensis (Linn.). [127.] Canadian Warbler. 
This handsome Warbler is less common in the Mississippi Valley and 
Manitoba than farther east. It does not winter in the United States, 
but breeds sparingly in the Northern States, and abundantly in Can- 
ada. It has been known to breed in northern Illinois. It extends west- 
ward only to the eastern edge of Kansas and Nebraska. It occurs in 
southeastern Texas in migration, but is not common (Nehrling). In the 
spring of 1884 it arrived at latitude 37° April 29, latitude 39° May 11, 
and at Lanesboro, Miun. (lat. 43° 43’) May 24. The last was seen at 
Saint Louis May 21. 
In the spring of 1885, at Saint Louis, the first was seen May 11, the 
bulk was present from May 13 to May 19, and the last left May 22. At - 
Lanesboro, Minn., the first was reported May 15, und at Elk River, 
Minn., May 16. In Wisconsin, it was first reported from Durand May 
15; and from New Richmond, May 19. 
In the fall of 1885 the first returning migrant was seen at Saint Louis 
September 22; while at San Angelo, Tex., one was shot from a flock of 
six August 28. 
687. Setophaga ruticilla (Linn.). [128.] American Redstart. 
The Redstart is a common summer resident of the upper half of the 
Mississippi Valley and Manitoba. As far south as Kansas it is a com- 
mon breeder. It does not remain in the United States during the winter, 
nor does it cross our boundary before the first of April. In the spring 
of 1884 the first record came from Saint Louis April 17, and the next, 
from latitude 40° 08’ in Illinois, April 27. The last day of the month it 
was seen at latitude 39° 12’ in Kansas. For the first week of May 
there was not a record; May 8 it reached latitude 41° 36’ in Iowa; and 
May 10, 11, and 12, it spread abundantly over the immense district from 
latitude 41° to latitude 45° 25’. By May 28 it had crossed our northern 
border and arrived at Portage la Prairie, Manitoba (lat. 50°), 
The great changes and diversity in plumage in this species enable 
the okservant ornithologist to note very fully the arrival of the different 
ages and sexes. Thus at Saint Louis the following record was made by 
Mr. Widmann: 
April 17, first old males; April 26, bulk of old males; April 30, first females; May 
7, height of transient old males; May 9, height of transient females; May 11, first 
one-year-old male; May 16, young males more conspicuous than old males. 
This is one of the species in which the period of arrival at any locality 
extends over several weeks, the bulk coming many days behind the 
first. Hence, all notes of first and buik on the same day are self-evident 
mistakes. The bulk never arrives till a week after the first, and ten to 
twelve days is the ordinary time. 
