264 
In the fall of 1884 the Titlark was first seen at Gainesville, Tex., 
November 1. 
In the spring of 1885 the first migrant was seen at Gainesville March 
10; at Manhattan, Kans., April 15; at Des Moines, Iowa, April 18; and 
at Elk River, ] Minn, 7 May 6. 
In the fall of 1885 it was first seen at Gainesville November 13; and 
a flock was seen there November 18. Mr. Lloyd states that in western 
Texas it is * common in fall migration; less common in spring.” 
700. Anthus spragueii (Aud.). [73.] Sprague’s Titlark. 
Breeds abundantly in the Assinaboine region, and in Dakota and west- 
ern Minnesota. Since Dr. Coues, in his “Birds of the Northwest,” 
queried whether Sprague’s Lark left Dakota for the winter, much has 
been learned of its movements. Wenow know thatits winter haunts lie 
far from Dakota, and that it penetrates even to the south of southwest- 
ern Texas. Just where it winters seems not yet determined, but as the 
record now stands it appears to winter below the United States.* Mr. 
Nehrling found it in small flocks near Houston, Tex., in early Novem- 
ber, but it soon disappeared. Mr. Nathan Clifford Brown did not find 
it at Boerne, near San Antonio, Tex., until March 16, so that its winter 
home must be south of these points. At Gainesville, Tex., it was seen 
as late as May 7. While northern Dakota and western Manitoba con- 
stitute its special breeding grounds, where it nests in great numbers, 
yet it can be found in summer in western Minnesota, in Nebraska (where 
it arrives about the middle of May), and probably also in western Kan- 
sas. Colonel Goss says of it in his List of the Birds of Kansas: “Mi- 
gratory, rare”; but Dr. Watson writes from Ellis, Kans.: 
I am in doubt how to classify this bird, but I think it is asummer resident. During 
what should be its breeding season I have seen birds ascend almost to invisibility, 
bat lost sight of them in the descent, and they were not captured. 
As the soaring he describes is confined to the breeding season, the 
birds he saw probably had nests in the vicinity. 
In Tom Green County, Tex., on the edge of the plains, one was shot 
in January, 1885. In the spring of 1885 Spragne’s Titlark, or Pipit, 
was first seen at San Antonio, Tex., February 26. At Gainesville, Tex., 
the first was seen April 8 and the last May 6. 
In the fall of 1885 the first was seen at Gainesville October 12,and 
the next November 2. In Concho County, Tex., a small flock was seen 
October 15, 1886 (Lloyd). 
701. Cinclus mexicanus Swains. [19.] American Dipper ; Water Ouzel. 
The home of the Water Ouzel, or Dipper, is along the mountain 
streams of western North America. According to Professor Aughey it 
is “rare over most of Nebraska, but abundant in Oteo County;” and 
Grinnell has recorded it from the Black Hills of Dakota. 
[*It has been recorded as wintering iu immense flocks in central Arkansas, in com- 
pany with Lapland Longspurs (Coues, Bull. Nutt. Ornith. Club, Vol. IV, 1879, p. 238). 
—C.H.M.] 
