271 
ern Texas and Colorado westward. During the winter of 1879-’80 Mr. 
N. C. Brown discovered about three pairs in a cafion on Cibalo Creek, 
near Boerne, Tex.; and Mr. William Lloyd found it common at Fort 
Davis, Tex. 
718. Thryothorus ludovicianus (Lath.). [60.] Carolina Wren. 
An abundant resident in the southern portion of the Mississippi Val- 
ley. Its movements in migration are very slight, and are confined to 
the northern portion of its range, namely, southern Nebraska, southern 
Iowa, and northern Ilinois. The few individuals that find their way to 
these sections retire southward in winter, and a slight decrease in num- 
bers during the winter is also discernible south to about latitude 38°; 
below this there is no change. This species belongs more particularly 
to the East, being seldom found west of longitnde 99°, In Kansas, 
where it is resident, it is abundant in the eastern but rare in the west- 
ern part of the State (Goss). 
The form of the species once recognized as Berlandier’s Wren (Thry- 
othorus ludovicianus berlandieri), but not now considered distinct, occurs 
in southwestern Texas. It was somewhat common at San Angelo during 
the winter, and one or two were scen every few days until May 6. Ite 
probably breeds, though Mr. Lloyd has not yet found any nests. 
719. Thryothorus bewickii (Aud.). [61.] Bewick’s Wren. 
The distribution of this species over the Mississippi Valley is very 
irregular. Abundant in some places and rarely or never seen in con- 
tiguous territory, it seems to be governed by fancy in the choice of a 
dwelling place. Like the Carolina Wren, it is not strictly a migratory 
species, but leaves the northern portions of its range and winters from 
southern Illinois southward. In summer it is exceedingly abundant in 
southern Indiana and some parts of Illinois, being the common “ House 
Wren” to the exclusion of Troglodytes aédon. The same is true of east- 
ern Texas, and of some places in Missouri. West and north of these 
States it is not common. It is not common in Kansas, and is rare in 
Nebraska. Dr. Hatch’s note for Minnesota, stating that it is “common 
in summer,” would better express the facts did it read: ‘‘Not uncom- 
mon during summer in a few localities in the southern part of the 
State.” Its limited migration is performed in the last week of March 
and the first few days of April. 
{n the spring of 1885, at Gainesville, Tex., the first Bewick’s Wren 
was reported March 6, and the next March 28. At Pierce City, Mo., 
the first was seen March 31. At Saint Louis the first was seen March 
30, and the species became common the next day. 
719b. Thryothorus bewickii bairdi (Salv.& Godm.). [61b.] Baird’s Wren; Texas 
Bewick’s Wren. 
An abundant resident in Texas, and not uncommon in southwestern 
Kansas (Goss). At Caddo, Ind. Ter., only 30 miles north of the Texas 
line, specimens of Bewick’s Wren killed in December, when the species 
