286 
In the fall of 1885 the first were reported from River Falls, Wis., 
September 5. It isa rare fall migrant in Tom Green County, Tex. 
(Lloyd). 
759. Turdus aonalaschke Gmel. [5.] Dwarf Hermit Thrush. 
The true home.of the Dwarf Hermit Thrush is in the Pacific coast 
region. During migration it passes east to Nevada and Atizona, and 
recently Mr. Lloyd has discovered it in Concho and Tom Green Counties, 
Tex., where it is a tolerably common fall migrant. He states that he 
has seen it every day from September 20 to October 10. 
759a. Turdus aonalaschke auduboni (Baird). [ia.] Rocky Mountain Hermit 
Thrush. 
This western species was first found within our district by Mr. N. C. 
Brown, who procured it at Boerne, Tex. More recently Mr. Lloyd has 
taken two specimens at San Angelo, Tex., and Mr. Ragsdale has ex- 
tended its range by securing specimens at Gainesville, Tex. 
Mr. Lloyd’s later researches have determined that this form winters 
near San Angelo, and that it is a tolerably common spring migrant in 
Tom Green County, Tex. At Gainesville, the first was seen March 20. 
759b. Turdus aonalaschke pallasii (Caban.). [5b.] Hermit Thrush. 
A common migrant in the Mississippi Valley, breeding in the north- 
ern and wintering in the southern part. The cold of winter has less 
effect upon this species than upon any of its brethren. It docs not 
mind moderate cold, but dislikes snow and usually manages to keep 
just south of the line where snow remains on the ground for weeks at a 
time. Sometimes, of course, it is caught in a snow-storm, but when 
this happens it seeks a thick covert and endures it. The heavy under- 
growth of the Mississippi bottom lands in southern Illinois offers a 
favorite wintering place for Hermit Thrushes, but the extreme weather 
of January, 1884, proved too severe for them and they left for a 
warmer climate. At Caddo, Ind. Ter., they remained the whole winter, 
but their habits were peculiar. In the May-day of their lives at the 
North they are shy, restless birds, ever watching for a tempting morsel, 
or from a low branch uttering their clear, liquid, and far-reaching notes. 
But in winter, in Indian Territory, they acted ‘as if life was a burden; 
insensible to their surroundings, they sat stupid and silent except for 
a short unmusical “chick,” and allowed one to approach within a few 
feet; if disturbed they moved but a short distance. The bulk of the 
species began to come from the southin the early part of March, but it 
is impossible to trace their movements from the notes contributed by 
observers. No bird has a more mixed and contradictory record, to say 
nothing of the many times it is confounded with the Brown Thrush and 
the Olive-backed. It is probable that the larger part of the notes are 
true, and indicate that the species is very erratic in its northward 
journey. The facts seem to show that during the great migration 
movements of the latter half of March, single individuals were scat- 
