368 



Plate II. 



Fig. 1 a. Menipea crystallina (Gray). Two ooecia sur- 

 rounded by kenozooecia are seen in the 

 proximal .internode. X 40. 



— lb. The same species. A longitudinal section 



through a gonozooecium, an officium and 

 a surrounding kenozooecium. X 55. 



— 2 a. A portion of Menipea cyathus Wyv. Th., 



from the basal surface. X 40. 



— 2 b, A longitudinal section through a zooecium 



of the same species. The distal wall with 

 rosette-plates is seen. X 40. 



— 3 a. A poi'tion of Menipea Buski Wyv. Th. The 



distal zooecium covers an endozooecial ooe- 

 cium, the distal part of which is covered 

 by a granular cryptocyst. X 40. 



— 3 b. A portion of the same species from the 



basal surface. X 40. 



— 3 c. A longitudinal section through a zooecium 



of the same species with ooecium. X 55. 



— 4 a. A portion of Menipea cervicornis (Mac Gill.). 



The distal zooecium covers an endozooecial 

 ooecium, the distal part of which is covered 

 by a granular cryptocyst. X 40. 



— 4 b. A longitudinal section through a zooecium 



of the same species with ooecium. X 55. 



— 5 a — f. A series of developmental stages of the 



ooecium of Scupocellaria scabra (v. Ben.). The 

 oblique frontal part of the distal wall 

 is seen proximally to the developing ooe- 

 cium. X 33. 



— 6 a. Caberea Ellisi (Flem.). The proximal zooe- 



cium with rudiment of ooecium. X 40. 



— 7 a. Menipea roborata (Hincks), with ooecia. The 



proximal part of the ectoooecium is uncalci- 

 fied whereby a triangular area is formed. 

 The horizontal part of the distal wall (d. w.) 

 is visible. X 40. 



— 7 b. The same species without ooecia. Three of 



the zooecia which show only a single avi- 

 cularium have an internal avicularium (plac- 

 ed in the cavity of the zooecium); this avi- 

 cularium is attached just inside the small 

 area beside the external avicularium. X 40. 



— 7 c. The same species. The proximal end of a 



zooecium with a single external avicularium. 

 The ends of two interior robust spinous 

 processes are seen in the proximal portion 

 of the frontal area. X 75. 



— 7 d. The proximal half of a zooecium from the 



basal surface after the removal of the 

 latter. An internal avicularium, four spin- 

 ous processes and the horizontal part of 

 the distal wall with its pore-chamber are 

 seen. X 75. 



— 7 e. The proximal half of another zooecium trea- 



ted in the same way. The mandible of the 

 avicularium has been removed. X 75. 



Fig. 7 f. Some zooecia of the same species from the 

 basal surface. The internal spinous pro- 

 cesses, the pore-cljamber of the distal wall 

 and the heart-shaped rosette-plate are seen. 

 X 40. 



— 7 g. Some zooecia of the same species, lateral 

 view. Tlie bent distal wall, the internal 

 avicularium (a. v.) and a robust forked pro- 

 cess are visible. X 55. 

 Some marginal zooecia of the same species, 

 lateral view. Two radical fibres are seen 

 to originate from their chambers &c. X 40. 

 An external avicularium of the same spe- 

 cies. X 55. 



An internal avicularium of the same spe- 

 cies, lateral view. X 75. 

 The same avicularium without mandible, 

 from the frontal surface. X 75. 

 Menipea ligulata (Mac Gill.). X 40. 

 The same species from the basal surface. 

 The pore-chamber and the rosette-plate of 

 the distal wall are seen. X 40. 

 Some zooecia of the same species, lateral 

 view. The distal wall with its pore-cham- 

 ber is seen and the peculiar internal pro- 

 cesses, which are pointed in the zooecium 

 with ooecium and furnished with an ex- 

 panded, dentated terminal part in the 

 others. X 40. 



A distal wall of the same species with a 

 heart-shaped rosette-plate and two pore- 

 chambers. X 200. 



Some of the internal processes, more highly 

 magnified. X 75. 



Canda arachnoides (Lamx.). The ooecia are 

 inclosed in avicularia. X 40. 



7h. 

 7 i. 



7 k. 



8 a. 

 8 b. 



8 c. 



— 8d. 



— 8e. 



— 9 a. 



10 a. 

 10b. 



10 c. 



— 10 d. 



— 10 e. 



Hoplitella armata (Busk). X 23. 

 The same species, Irom the basal surface. 

 The proximal part of the zooecia is fur- 

 nished with two long lateral expansions, 

 but only with a single one in the mar- 

 ginal zooecia. X 23. 



The distal wall of the same species, from 

 the proximal end. On each side is seen 

 the transverse section of an expansion. 

 The occlusor muscles of the operculum 

 are also seen. X 55. 



A longitudinal section through a zooecium 

 of the same species. The bent distal wall 

 (d. w.) and one of the expansions are seen. 

 X 40. 



A longitudinal section through a marginal 

 zooecium of the same species. The internal 

 aspect of the avicularium (a. v.) and the 

 strong marginal thickening, which sur- 

 rounds the rosette-plates, are seen. X 40. 



