60 VETEBINARY TOXICOLOGY 



spasms, diiBculty in standing and unsteadiness of hind- 

 quarters, vacant look, ^ ulse 105 per minute, tempera- 

 ture 106° F., the conjunctivae dark red. There was loss of 

 appetite and great thirst, and passage of greenish-yellow 

 foetid faeces. 



In animals capable of vomition, the vomit and purge 

 have a blue to green colour. Abdominal pain, collapse, a 

 weakened pulse and respiration, terminating in coma, con- 

 vulsions and paralysis, with death from exhaustion, indicate 

 the usual forms of poisoning by corrosive metal salts. 



Chronic copper - poisoning is stated to occur amongst 

 animals in the neighbourhood of copper- smelting works. 

 They show increasing emaciation, weakness, and general 

 loss of condition. It is doubtful whether the disorder is 

 not due to arsenic. Analyses of the livers of animals 

 supposed to have died from this cause have been made 

 and failed to reveal a larger proportion of copper than that 

 normally found. 



Post-Moptem Appearances. — In the case of the foals 

 quoted by Eeimers, the abdomen was greatly distended, 

 and contained about a litre of reddish-yellow serum. The 

 stomach was full of food ; mucous membrane inflamed and 

 thickened, that of the small intestines being also thickened 

 and covered with haemorrhagic patches ; the liver enlarged, 

 brownish-yellow, and friable ; the spleen enlarged and 

 kidneys congested; the heart was dark red, and covered 

 with haemorrhagic patches. 



The post-mortem appearances of the chronic cases of 

 Baum and Seeliger varied, and showed amongst others 

 chronic catarrh of small intestine, with thickening of 

 mucous membrane and swelling of lymph follicles. The 

 liver and kidneys showed swelling, inflammation, fatty 

 degeneration, atrophy, and necrosis. The organs manifested 

 copious haemoglobin deposits and subserous haemorrhages 

 on the heart ; in one case there was general icterus. 



Treatment. — As chemical antidotes to copper, potassium 

 ferrocyanide, grape or milk sugar, iron filings, sulphur, 

 and animal charcoal have been recommended. Egg albu- 



