86 VETERINAEY TOXICOLOGY 



Symptoms. — The onset of symptoms is fairly rapid — 

 from three to eight hours after dosage. In the liorse, 

 dulness, pain, and diarrhoea, with black or grey liquid 

 faeces smelling of sulphuretted hydrogen, and highly 

 coloured acid urine, sometimes albuminous, have been 

 observed. The conjunctivae and other mucous membranes 

 are injected, the respiration rapid and laboured, pulse weak 

 and rapid, temperature 104° P., extremities cold; great 

 depression and tottering gait are followed by death within 

 a few hours, or gradual recovery under treatment. 



In a case of a dog,^ eight hours after administration 

 of a large unknown dose of flowers of sulphur, there was 

 violent colic, diarrhoea, and vomition, the ejections being 

 at fir^t bloody, and afterwards consisting of pure blood; 

 pulse almost imperceptible and coma. In this case there 

 was recovery after twenty-four hours. 



Post-Mortem Appearances. — Intense inflammation of 

 the gastric and intestinal mucous membranes, which are 

 sometimes gangrenous. The blood is dark coloured and 

 fluid ; viscera and lungs engorged ; fibrinous clots in the 

 portal venous system, spleen, and liver ; all the tissues and 

 fluids of the body smell strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen. 

 Particles of sulphur may be noticed in the stomach, in- 

 testines, and faeces. 



Treatment. — In one case^ castor oil, eggs and milk, 

 chlorodyne and whisky, were successful in curing horses 

 so treated. In another case^ milk, flour, gruel, white of 

 eggs, subnitrate of bismuth, and rice water enemata, were 

 employed. 



Chemical Diagnosis. — Particles of sulphur may be 

 recognised by inspection. If no such particles are found, the 

 material is thoroughly dried in the steam oven, extracted 

 with carbon bisulphide, and the sulphur recovered by 

 evaporation of the filtered solution. In this way sulphur 

 in the proportion of 2| grains per ounce and 2J grains per 

 ounce has been recovered from the stomach and colon 

 contents respectively of a horse. It may also be mentioned 

 that the extraction of sulphur is frequently a valuable guide 



